Murmur

Abide or grumble

The first word translated murmured in the Hebrew is the word luwn^[1] pronounced loon but can mean "To lodge, to remain, to dwell, to abide, or to murmur, to grumble".

As a verb לוּן luwn^[1] appears about eighty-three times and moves along two complementary axes. In its most common, concrete sense it describes spending the night, lodging, or remaining somewhere temporarily.

In a more abstract meaning it portrays "remaining stubbornly on a matter—hence the idea of murmuring, complaining, or “parking” a grievance as murmurer.

Both ideas revolve around the notion of stubbornly “staying,” whether physically in a place or emotionally in a spirit of contention.

Occurrences cluster in the Pentateuch (especially Exodus and Numbers), the Historical Books, Psalms, and Prophets.

Around two-thirds of the usages are literal references to lodging; roughly one-third carry the figurative idea of grumbling.

The breadth of settings—from patriarchal travels (Genesis) to urban decline (Isaiah) and covenant litigation (Jeremiah)—underscores the verb’s versatility.

Metaphor

Psalms and wisdom literature lift the verb into the sphere of emotion and trust. “Weeping may stay the night, but rejoicing comes in the morning” (Psalms 30:5) frames sorrow as an unwanted overnight guest that cannot outstay dawn. Psalms 91:1 links lodging with security: “He who dwells in the shelter of the Most High will abide in the shadow of the Almighty.” The fear of the LORD “leads to life, that one may rest content, untouched by trouble” (Proverbs 19:23), presenting spiritual rest as the true overnight refuge.

Negative Grumbling and Unbelief

From the Red Sea to the borders of Canaan, Israel’s wilderness account is punctuated by לוּן in its complaining sense. “The people grumbled against Moses” when the waters of Marah were bitter (Exodus 15:24). They “grumbled against Moses and Aaron” for hunger (Exodus 16:2) and thirst (Exodus 17:3).

At Kadesh-barnea “all the congregation grumbled” after the spies’ report (Numbers 14:2), provoking a generation’s exclusion from the land. The Lord’s verdict is clear: “How long will this wicked congregation grumble against Me?” (Numbers 14:27). The same word that describes an overnight stay now exposes hearts that remain fixed in unbelief.

Joshua notes that after the Gibeonite treaty, “the whole congregation grumbled against the leaders” (Joshua 9:18). Later prophetic literature applies the term to societal decay: Jerusalem, once faithful, has “lodged” murderers within her (Isaiah 1:21). Thus grumbling hardens into settled rebellion, illustrating how temporary discontent can turn into entrenched sin if not confessed.

Grumbling is against Christ

The grumbling episodes anticipate the crowd’s murmuring against Jesus (John 6:41), contrasting disbelief with the abiding life He offers. In Him the believer moves from restless complaint to restful abiding: “Remain in Me, and I will remain in you” (John 15:4).

Hospitality

The early occurrences commend welcoming the traveler as we see with Lot, Rahab, and Lydia.

Timely Justice

Just as wages must not “lodge” overnight delaying righteousness, levites distribute to the needy, so also the daily ministration by the churches must promptly honor commitments to feed his sheep and address wrongdoing.

Contentment vs. Complaint

Wilderness grumbling warns contemporary believers against cultivating a settled spirit of criticism. Philippians 2:14 echoes the lesson: “Do all things without complaining.”

Abiding Prayer

Night-time lodgings often became places of revelation (Genesis 28; Ruth 3; Acts 16:9-10). Intentional pauses( be still, ) can open space for divine encounter.

Eschatological Rest

Earthly lodging is temporary; ultimate rest is “the Father’s house” (John 14:2). Pilgrimage theology encourages light attachment to temporal settings.

Examples

Luwn

Genesis 15:24 'And the people murmured (way·yil·lō·nū וַיִּלֹּ֧נוּ )^[1] against Moses, saying, What shall we drink?"

Exodus 16:2 And the whole congregation of the children of Israel murmured^[1] against Moses and Aaron in the wilderness:

3 And the children of Israel said unto them, Would to God we had died by the hand of the LORD in the land of Egypt^[2], when we sat^[3] by the flesh^[4] pots^[5]^[2]^[6], and when we did eat bread to the full; for ye have brought us forth into this wilderness, to kill this whole assembly(haq·qā·hāl הַקָּהָ֥ל) with hunger.

In the same chapter 16 of Exodus we see for the first time in verse 7 what seems to be a new word for murmur (תְּלוּנָה)^[7] but appears in the phrase ( את־תלנתיכם על־ ) as (תְּלֻנֹּתֵיכֶ֖ם).

The phrase "את־ AlefTav _ tə·lun·nō·ṯê·ḵem תְּלֻנֹּתֵיכֶ֖ם murmurings ‘al-עַל־ against" expresses that the LORD heareth^[8] (Shama^[9])

Exodus 16:7 And in the morning, then ye shall see the glory of the LORD; for that he heareth your murmurings (תְּלֻנֹּתֵיכֶ֖ם)^[7] against the LORD: and what are we, that ye murmur^[1] against us?

8 And Moses said, This shall be, when the LORD shall give you in the evening flesh to eat, and in the morning bread to the full; for that the LORD heareth your murmurings (תְּלֻנֹּתֵיכֶ֖ם)^[7] which ye murmur^[1] against him: and what are we? your murmurings^[7] are not against us, but against the LORD.

Footnotes

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 ^1.5
03885 לוּן‎ LamedVavNun luwn [loon] or לין‎ liyn [leen] a primitive root; v; [BDB-533b, BDB-534a] [{See TWOT on 1096 }] [{See TWOT on 1097 }] AV-lodge 33, murmur 14, … the night 14, abide 7, remain 6, tarry 2, lodge in 2, continue 1, dwell 1, endure 1, grudge 1, left 1, lie 1, variant 3; 87
1) to lodge, stop over, pass the night, abide
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to lodge, pass the night

1a2) to abide, remain (fig.)

1b) (Hiphil) to cause to rest or lodge

1c) (Hithpalpel) to dwell, abide

2) to grumble, complain, murmur
2a) (Niphal) to grumble

2b) (Hiphil) to complain, cause to grumble
- ל Lamed means Aspiration of the Heart or to learn or even direct like a shepherd. It has to do with what the Hand produces, [hand is די Yod Dalet] or directs with staff, whip... like the tongue may direct. (Numeric value: 30)
- ו Vav Connection, Connecting realms and worlds or the dividing veil between them. [nail... And, Add, secure, hook] (Numeric value: 6)
- נ ן Nun Heir to the Throne, Aramaic fish in the Mem (fish moving in flowing waters) or in the Hebrew the Nun may mean the kingdom with a double Nun suggesting spiritual insight in two realms. [fish moving... Activity life] (Numeric value: 50)
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Which flesh and blood
John 6:53-58 “‭53 Then Jesus said unto them, Verily, verily, I say unto you, Except ye eat the flesh of the Son of man, and drink his blood, ye have no life in you. ‭54 Whoso eateth my flesh, and drinketh my blood, hath eternal life; and I will raise him up at the last day. ‭55 For my flesh is meat indeed, and my blood is drink indeed. ‭56 He that eateth my flesh, and drinketh my blood, dwelleth in me, and I in him. ‭57 As the living Father hath sent me, and I live by the Father: so he that eateth me, even he shall live by me. ‭58 This is that bread which came down from heaven: not as your fathers did eat manna, and are dead: he that eateth of this bread shall live for ever.”

Numbers 23:22-24 “‭22 God brought them out of Egypt;... the people shall rise up ... and ... shall not lie down until he eat of the prey, and drink the blood of the slain.” See th error of Balaam.

Psalms 16:4-5 “‭4 Their sorrows shall be multiplied that hasten after another god: their drink offerings of blood will I not offer, nor take up their names into my lips. ‭5 The LORD is the portion of mine inheritance and of my cup: thou maintainest my lot.”

Exodus 16:3 “‭3 And the children of Israel said unto them, Would to God we had died by the hand of the LORD in the land of Egypt, when we sat by the flesh pots, and when we did eat bread to the full; for ye have brought us forth into this wilderness, to kill this whole assembly with hunger.” See the Cities of blood

Micah 3:5-7 “‭5 Thus saith the LORD concerning the prophets that make my people err, that bite with their teeth, and cry, Peace; and he that putteth not into their mouths, they even prepare war against him. ‭6 Therefore night shall be unto you, that ye shall not have a vision; and it shall be dark unto you, that ye shall not divine; and the sun shall go down over the prophets, and the day shall be dark over them. ‭7 Then shall the seers be ashamed, and the diviners confounded: yea, they shall all cover their lips; for there is no answer of God.”

Galatians 5:15 “‭15 But if ye bite and devour one another, take heed that ye be not consumed one of another.”
↑
03427 ^בשׁי^ yashab \@yaw-shab’\@ a primitive root YodShinBeit; contains the word 03426 יֵשׁ‎ exisiting, be, have; v; AV-dwell 437, inhabitant 221, sit 172, abide 70, inhabit 39, down 26, remain 23, in 22, tarry 19, set 14, continue 5, place 7, still 5, taken 5, misc 23; 1088
1) to dwell, remain, sit, abide
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to sit, sit down

1a2) to be set

1a3) to remain, stay

1a4) to dwell, have one’s abode

1b) (Niphal) to be inhabited

1c) (Piel) to set, place

1d) (Hiphil)
1d1) to cause to sit

1d2) to cause to abide, set

1d3) to cause to dwell

1d4) to cause (cities) to be inhabited

1d5) to marry (give a dwelling to)

1e) (Hophal)
1e1) to be inhabited

1e2) to make to dwell
- יָשַׁב Yasab more than a thousand times across every major section of the Old Testament. Moses repeatedly used the verb to describe the goal of the exodus: “that you may live long in the land” (Deuteronomy 5:33). It frames the conquest narratives—“no one will be able to stand against you in the land where you live” (Deuteronomy 11:25). To dwell at Gerar between Kadesh and Shur in the tent of Shem. In summary, the Old Testament’s pervasive use of this verb binds together space, authority, rest, and relationship, tracing a redemptive arc from Eden’s loss to the New Jerusalem’s glory.
↑ 01320 בָּשָׂר‎ basar baw-sawr’ Beit Shin Reish \@baw-sawr’\@ from 01319 בָּשָׂר‎ basar baw-sawr’ Beit Shin Reish to bear news, bear tidings, publish, preach, show forth; see also 01321 flesh; n m; AV-flesh 256, body 2, fatfleshed + 01277 2, leanfleshed + 01851 2, kin 2, leanfleshed + 07534 1, mankind + 0376 1, myself 1, nakedness 1, skin 1; 269
1) flesh
1a) of the body
1a1) of humans

1a2) of animals

1b) the body itself

1c) male organ of generation (euphemism)

1d) kindred, blood-relations

1e) flesh as frail or erring (man against God)

1f) all living things

1g) animals

1h) mankind
↑
05518 סִיר‎ SamechYodReish ciyr [seer] or (fem.) סירה‎ ciyrah [see-raw’] or סרה‎ cirah (#Jer 52:18) [see-raw’] from a primitive root meaning to boil up; n m; [BDB-696b] [{See TWOT on 1489 }] [{See TWOT on 1490 }] AV-pot 21, caldron 5, thorns 4, washpot + 07366 2, pans 1, fishhooks + 01729 1; 34
1) pot
1a) pot (household utensil)

1b) pot (of temple)

2) thorn, hook, brier
2a) thorns

2b) hooks
- ס Samech The Eternal Cycle The circular symbolizes the fundamental truth described in the mystery of the ten statements, vs the Fatal cycle. [ prop... Support, turn] (Numeric value: 60)
- י Yod The Infinite Point of essential good. Divine spark hidden in the ט Tet. Spark of spirit. [closed hand... Deed, work, to make] (Numeric value: 10)
- ר Reish Process of Clarification The "head" or "beginning". Life's revelation. [Head... Person head highest] (Numeric value: 200).
↑ Flesh pots and caldrons
Exodus 16:3 "And the children of Israel said unto them, Would to God we had died by the hand of the LORD in the land of Egypt, when we sat by the flesh <01320> pots <05518>, and when we did eat bread to the full; for ye have brought us forth into this wilderness, to kill this whole assembly with hunger."

Ezekiel 11:3 "Which say, It is not near; let us build houses: this city is the caldron <05518>, and we be the flesh <01320>."

Ezekiel 11:7 "Therefore thus saith the Lord GOD; Your slain whom ye have laid in the midst of it, they are the flesh <01320>, and this city is the caldron <05518>: but I will bring you forth out of the midst of it."

Ezekiel 11:11 "This city shall not be your caldron <05518>, neither shall ye be the flesh <01320> in the midst thereof; but I will judge you in the border of Israel:

Micah 3:3 "Who also eat the flesh of my people, and flay their skin from off them; and they break their bones, and chop them in pieces, as for the pot <05518>, and as flesh <01320> within the caldron.
↑ ^7.0 ^7.1 ^7.2 ^7.3 08519 תְּלוּנָה‎ tëluwnah [tel-oo-naw’] TavLamedVavNunHey or from 03885 LamedVavNun to lodge or stop over, abide but is said to have the sense of obstinacy; n f; [BDB-534a] [{See TWOT on 1097 @@ "1097a" }] AV-murmuring 8; 8
1) murmuring
↑
שָׁמַע (shama) moves beyond the mere physiological act of detecting sound. Throughout the Hebrew Scriptures it unites hearing, attentive consideration, and responsive obedience. The word embraces:
- Physical hearing of words, music, or noise.
- Intellectual grasp—“giving ear” with understanding.
- Moral response—submission or obedience to what is heard.
- Divine action—God “hears” prayer, lament, or rebellion and acts accordingly.
↑ 08085 ^עמשׁ^ shama‘ \@shaw-mah’\@ a primitive root ShinMemAyin understand 9, obedient 8, diligently 8, shew 6, sound 3, declare 3, discern 2, noise 2, perceive 2, tell 2, reported 2, misc 33; 1159 v
1) to hear, listen to, obey
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to hear (perceive by ear)

1a2) to hear of or concerning

1a3) to hear (have power to hear)

1a4) to hear with attention or interest, listen to

1a5) to understand (language)

1a6) to hear (of judicial cases)

1a7) to listen, give heed
1a7a) to consent, agree

1a7b) to grant request

1a8) to listen to, yield to

1a9) to obey, be obedient

1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be heard (of voice or sound)

1b2) to be heard of

1b3) to be regarded, be obeyed

1c) (Piel) to cause to hear, call to hear, summon

1d) (Hiphil)
1d1) to cause to hear, tell, proclaim, utter a sound

1d2) to sound aloud (musical term)

1d3) to make proclamation, summon

1d4) to cause to be heard

n m 2) sound

[luwn-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 ^1.5 03885 לוּן‎ LamedVavNun luwn [loon] or לין‎ liyn [leen] a primitive root; v; [BDB-533b, BDB-534a] [{See TWOT on 1096 }] [{See TWOT on 1097 }] AV-lodge 33, murmur 14, … the night 14, abide 7, remain 6, tarry 2, lodge in 2, continue 1, dwell 1, endure 1, grudge 1, left 1, lie 1, variant 3; 87
1) to lodge, stop over, pass the night, abide
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to lodge, pass the night

1a2) to abide, remain (fig.)

1b) (Hiphil) to cause to rest or lodge

1c) (Hithpalpel) to dwell, abide

2) to grumble, complain, murmur
2a) (Niphal) to grumble

2b) (Hiphil) to complain, cause to grumble

ל Lamed means Aspiration of the Heart or to learn or even direct like a shepherd. It has to do with what the Hand produces, [hand is די Yod Dalet] or directs with staff, whip... like the tongue may direct. (Numeric value: 30)

ו Vav Connection, Connecting realms and worlds or the dividing veil between them. [nail... And, Add, secure, hook] (Numeric value: 6)

נ ן Nun Heir to the Throne, Aramaic fish in the Mem (fish moving in flowing waters) or in the Hebrew the Nun may mean the kingdom with a double Nun suggesting spiritual insight in two realms. [fish moving... Activity life] (Numeric value: 50)

[2] ל Lamed means Aspiration of the Heart or to learn or even direct like a shepherd. It has to do with what the Hand produces, [hand is די Yod Dalet] or directs with staff, whip... like the tongue may direct. (Numeric value: 30)

[3] ו Vav Connection, Connecting realms and worlds or the dividing veil between them. [nail... And, Add, secure, hook] (Numeric value: 6)

[4] נ ן Nun Heir to the Throne, Aramaic fish in the Mem (fish moving in flowing waters) or in the Hebrew the Nun may mean the kingdom with a double Nun suggesting spiritual insight in two realms. [fish moving... Activity life] (Numeric value: 50)

[fleshblood'-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Which flesh and blood
John 6:53-58 “‭53 Then Jesus said unto them, Verily, verily, I say unto you, Except ye eat the flesh of the Son of man, and drink his blood, ye have no life in you. ‭54 Whoso eateth my flesh, and drinketh my blood, hath eternal life; and I will raise him up at the last day. ‭55 For my flesh is meat indeed, and my blood is drink indeed. ‭56 He that eateth my flesh, and drinketh my blood, dwelleth in me, and I in him. ‭57 As the living Father hath sent me, and I live by the Father: so he that eateth me, even he shall live by me. ‭58 This is that bread which came down from heaven: not as your fathers did eat manna, and are dead: he that eateth of this bread shall live for ever.”

Numbers 23:22-24 “‭22 God brought them out of Egypt;... the people shall rise up ... and ... shall not lie down until he eat of the prey, and drink the blood of the slain.” See th error of Balaam.

Psalms 16:4-5 “‭4 Their sorrows shall be multiplied that hasten after another god: their drink offerings of blood will I not offer, nor take up their names into my lips. ‭5 The LORD is the portion of mine inheritance and of my cup: thou maintainest my lot.”

Exodus 16:3 “‭3 And the children of Israel said unto them, Would to God we had died by the hand of the LORD in the land of Egypt, when we sat by the flesh pots, and when we did eat bread to the full; for ye have brought us forth into this wilderness, to kill this whole assembly with hunger.” See the Cities of blood

Micah 3:5-7 “‭5 Thus saith the LORD concerning the prophets that make my people err, that bite with their teeth, and cry, Peace; and he that putteth not into their mouths, they even prepare war against him. ‭6 Therefore night shall be unto you, that ye shall not have a vision; and it shall be dark unto you, that ye shall not divine; and the sun shall go down over the prophets, and the day shall be dark over them. ‭7 Then shall the seers be ashamed, and the diviners confounded: yea, they shall all cover their lips; for there is no answer of God.”

Galatians 5:15 “‭15 But if ye bite and devour one another, take heed that ye be not consumed one of another.”

[yashab-3] 03427 ^בשׁי^ yashab \@yaw-shab’\@ a primitive root YodShinBeit; contains the word 03426 יֵשׁ‎ exisiting, be, have; v; AV-dwell 437, inhabitant 221, sit 172, abide 70, inhabit 39, down 26, remain 23, in 22, tarry 19, set 14, continue 5, place 7, still 5, taken 5, misc 23; 1088
1) to dwell, remain, sit, abide
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to sit, sit down

1a2) to be set

1a3) to remain, stay

1a4) to dwell, have one’s abode

1b) (Niphal) to be inhabited

1c) (Piel) to set, place

1d) (Hiphil)
1d1) to cause to sit

1d2) to cause to abide, set

1d3) to cause to dwell

1d4) to cause (cities) to be inhabited

1d5) to marry (give a dwelling to)

1e) (Hophal)
1e1) to be inhabited

1e2) to make to dwell

יָשַׁב Yasab more than a thousand times across every major section of the Old Testament. Moses repeatedly used the verb to describe the goal of the exodus: “that you may live long in the land” (Deuteronomy 5:33). It frames the conquest narratives—“no one will be able to stand against you in the land where you live” (Deuteronomy 11:25). To dwell at Gerar between Kadesh and Shur in the tent of Shem. In summary, the Old Testament’s pervasive use of this verb binds together space, authority, rest, and relationship, tracing a redemptive arc from Eden’s loss to the New Jerusalem’s glory.

[7] יָשַׁב Yasab more than a thousand times across every major section of the Old Testament. Moses repeatedly used the verb to describe the goal of the exodus: “that you may live long in the land” (Deuteronomy 5:33). It frames the conquest narratives—“no one will be able to stand against you in the land where you live” (Deuteronomy 11:25). To dwell at Gerar between Kadesh and Shur in the tent of Shem. In summary, the Old Testament’s pervasive use of this verb binds together space, authority, rest, and relationship, tracing a redemptive arc from Eden’s loss to the New Jerusalem’s glory.

[basar20-4] 01320 בָּשָׂר‎ basar baw-sawr’ Beit Shin Reish \@baw-sawr’\@ from 01319 בָּשָׂר‎ basar baw-sawr’ Beit Shin Reish to bear news, bear tidings, publish, preach, show forth; see also 01321 flesh; n m; AV-flesh 256, body 2, fatfleshed + 01277 2, leanfleshed + 01851 2, kin 2, leanfleshed + 07534 1, mankind + 0376 1, myself 1, nakedness 1, skin 1; 269
1) flesh
1a) of the body
1a1) of humans

1a2) of animals

1b) the body itself

1c) male organ of generation (euphemism)

1d) kindred, blood-relations

1e) flesh as frail or erring (man against God)

1f) all living things

1g) animals

1h) mankind

[ciyr-5] 05518 סִיר‎ SamechYodReish ciyr [seer] or (fem.) סירה‎ ciyrah [see-raw’] or סרה‎ cirah (#Jer 52:18) [see-raw’] from a primitive root meaning to boil up; n m; [BDB-696b] [{See TWOT on 1489 }] [{See TWOT on 1490 }] AV-pot 21, caldron 5, thorns 4, washpot + 07366 2, pans 1, fishhooks + 01729 1; 34
1) pot
1a) pot (household utensil)

1b) pot (of temple)

2) thorn, hook, brier
2a) thorns

2b) hooks

ס Samech The Eternal Cycle The circular symbolizes the fundamental truth described in the mystery of the ten statements, vs the Fatal cycle. [ prop... Support, turn] (Numeric value: 60)

י Yod The Infinite Point of essential good. Divine spark hidden in the ט Tet. Spark of spirit. [closed hand... Deed, work, to make] (Numeric value: 10)

ר Reish Process of Clarification The "head" or "beginning". Life's revelation. [Head... Person head highest] (Numeric value: 200).

[10] ס Samech The Eternal Cycle The circular symbolizes the fundamental truth described in the mystery of the ten statements, vs the Fatal cycle. [ prop... Support, turn] (Numeric value: 60)

[11] י Yod The Infinite Point of essential good. Divine spark hidden in the ט Tet. Spark of spirit. [closed hand... Deed, work, to make] (Numeric value: 10)

[12] ר Reish Process of Clarification The "head" or "beginning". Life's revelation. [Head... Person head highest] (Numeric value: 200).

[fleshpot-6] Flesh pots and caldrons
Exodus 16:3 "And the children of Israel said unto them, Would to God we had died by the hand of the LORD in the land of Egypt, when we sat by the flesh <01320> pots <05518>, and when we did eat bread to the full; for ye have brought us forth into this wilderness, to kill this whole assembly with hunger."

Ezekiel 11:3 "Which say, It is not near; let us build houses: this city is the caldron <05518>, and we be the flesh <01320>."

Ezekiel 11:7 "Therefore thus saith the Lord GOD; Your slain whom ye have laid in the midst of it, they are the flesh <01320>, and this city is the caldron <05518>: but I will bring you forth out of the midst of it."

Ezekiel 11:11 "This city shall not be your caldron <05518>, neither shall ye be the flesh <01320> in the midst thereof; but I will judge you in the border of Israel:

Micah 3:3 "Who also eat the flesh of my people, and flay their skin from off them; and they break their bones, and chop them in pieces, as for the pot <05518>, and as flesh <01320> within the caldron.

[tëluwnah-7] 7.0 ^7.1 ^7.2 ^7.3 08519 תְּלוּנָה‎ tëluwnah [tel-oo-naw’] TavLamedVavNunHey or from 03885 LamedVavNun to lodge or stop over, abide but is said to have the sense of obstinacy; n f; [BDB-534a] [{See TWOT on 1097 @@ "1097a" }] AV-murmuring 8; 8
1) murmuring

[8] שָׁמַע (shama) moves beyond the mere physiological act of detecting sound. Throughout the Hebrew Scriptures it unites hearing, attentive consideration, and responsive obedience. The word embraces:
Physical hearing of words, music, or noise.

Intellectual grasp—“giving ear” with understanding.

Moral response—submission or obedience to what is heard.

Divine action—God “hears” prayer, lament, or rebellion and acts accordingly.

[16] Physical hearing of words, music, or noise.

[17] Intellectual grasp—“giving ear” with understanding.

[18] Moral response—submission or obedience to what is heard.

[19] Divine action—God “hears” prayer, lament, or rebellion and acts accordingly.

[shama-9] 08085 ^עמשׁ^ shama‘ \@shaw-mah’\@ a primitive root ShinMemAyin understand 9, obedient 8, diligently 8, shew 6, sound 3, declare 3, discern 2, noise 2, perceive 2, tell 2, reported 2, misc 33; 1159 v
1) to hear, listen to, obey
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to hear (perceive by ear)

1a2) to hear of or concerning

1a3) to hear (have power to hear)

1a4) to hear with attention or interest, listen to

1a5) to understand (language)

1a6) to hear (of judicial cases)

1a7) to listen, give heed
1a7a) to consent, agree

1a7b) to grant request

1a8) to listen to, yield to

1a9) to obey, be obedient

1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be heard (of voice or sound)

1b2) to be heard of

1b3) to be regarded, be obeyed

1c) (Piel) to cause to hear, call to hear, summon

1d) (Hiphil)
1d1) to cause to hear, tell, proclaim, utter a sound

1d2) to sound aloud (musical term)

1d3) to make proclamation, summon

1d4) to cause to be heard

n m 2) sound

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[9]

Murmur

Contents

Abide or grumble

Metaphor

Negative Grumbling and Unbelief

Grumbling is against Christ

Hospitality

Timely Justice

Contentment vs. Complaint

Abiding Prayer

Eschatological Rest

Examples

Luwn

Footnotes

Navigation menu

Murmur

Abide or grumble

Metaphor

Negative Grumbling and Unbelief

Grumbling is against Christ

Hospitality

Timely Justice

Contentment vs. Complaint

Abiding Prayer

Eschatological Rest

Examples

Luwn

Footnotes

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