Nahum 3

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The "bloody city"[1] is associated with "Thy wife shall be an harlot in the city" we saw in Amos 7:17 but here Nahum says "selleth nations through her whoredoms"
Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary v 1-7 "When proud sinners are brought down, others should learn not to lift themselves up. The fall of this great city should be a lesson to private persons, who increase wealth by fraud and oppression." Proverbs' One purse speaks of this greed for gain and the snare created by consent and the knife we should put tour throat if we have an appetite for the deceitful meats of the king and his husbandmen[2].
Because of a wellfavoured[3] harlot, and a whoredom that selleth nations and a Witchcraft that selleth families the whole world has returned to the bondage of Egypt.
The LORD is against this process because it makes the word of God to none effect and while they are reduced to human resources/merchandise they are also degenerate the people into perfect savages. Everything will be "laid waste".
The legal charity offered by rulers who call themselves benefactors and become the fathers of the earth offering the dainties sacrificed to idols are the same as Cain, Nimrod, Pharaoh which all bring about the bondage of Egypt.
Barnes' Notes tells us that the "city of bloods" told about in Habakkuk 2:12;[4] and Jeremiah 22:13,[5] "as the prosperity of the world".
The people become merchandise because of their covetous practices.
[1]

1 ¶ Woe to the bloody[6] city![1] it is all full of lies and robbery; the prey departeth not;

2 The noise of a whip, and the noise of the rattling of the wheels, and of the pransing horses, and of the jumping chariots.

3 The horseman lifteth up both the bright sword and the glittering spear: and there is a multitude of slain, and a great number of carcases; and there is none end of their corpses; they stumble upon their corpses:

4 Because of the multitude of the whoredoms of the wellfavoured[3] harlot, the mistress of witchcrafts[7], that selleth nations through her whoredoms, and families through her witchcrafts.[7]

5 Behold, I am against thee, saith the LORD of hosts; and I will discover[8] thy skirts [9] upon thy face, and I will shew the nations thy nakedness[10], and the kingdoms[11] thy shame[12].

6 And I will cast[13] abominable filth upon thee, and make thee vile[14], and will set thee[15] as a gazingstock[16].

7 And it shall come to pass, that all they that look upon thee shall flee from thee, and say, Nineveh[17] is laid waste: who will bemoan her? whence shall I seek comforters for thee?


8 Art thou better than populous No, that was situate among the rivers, that had the waters round about it, whose rampart was the sea, and her wall was from the sea?

9 Ethiopia and Egypt were her strength, and it was infinite; Put and Lubim were thy helpers.

10 Yet was she carried away, she went into captivity: her young children also were dashed in pieces at the top of all the streets: and they cast lots for her honourable men, and all her great men were bound in chains.

11 Thou also shalt be drunken: thou shalt be hid, thou also shalt seek strength because of the enemy.

12 All thy strong holds shall be like fig trees with the firstripe figs: if they be shaken, they shall even fall into the mouth of the eater.

13 Behold, thy people in the midst of thee are women: the gates of thy land shall be set wide open unto thine enemies: the fire shall devour thy bars.

14 Draw thee waters for the siege, fortify thy strong holds: go into clay, and tread the morter, make strong the brickkiln.

15 There shall the fire devour thee; the sword shall cut thee off, it shall eat thee up like the cankerworm[18]: make thyself many as the cankerworm[18], make thyself many as the locusts[19].

16 Ref Thou hast multiplied thy merchants[20] above the stars of heaven: the cankerworm[18] spoileth, and flieth away.

17 Thy crowned[21]are as the locusts[19], and thy captains as the great grasshoppers[22], which camp in the hedges in the cold day, but when the sun ariseth they flee away, and their place is not known where they are.

18 Thy shepherds slumber, O king of Assyria: thy nobles shall dwell in the dust: thy people is scattered upon the mountains, and no man gathereth them.

19 There is no healing of thy bruise; thy wound is grievous: all that hear the bruit of thee shall clap the hands over thee: for upon whom hath not thy wickedness passed continually?

Summary of Nahum Chapter 3

The whoredom with the strange woman was a form of whoredom that brings whips and chariots. The witchcraft was associated with what was called sorcery which was associated with the metaphor of something the deceptive and seductive that was in turn associated with of idolatry or in the New Testament Witchcraft.

God will expose the face behind the curtain/skirt "and I will shew the nations thy nakedness which is the lack of authority and the shame of their kingdoms. What was once great will be "laid waste" and will not find the "comforters".

Though she was strong "she went into captivity" and the swarms of office eat her up. "Thy shepherds slumber" because you whored after the king of Assyria. Thy people are scattered upon the mountains because they have forgotten the bands of liberty and desired the bands of bondage that come with the wages of unrighteousness.

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Footnotes

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Jeremiah 26:15 But know ye for certain, that if ye put me to death, ye shall surely bring innocent blood upon yourselves, and upon this city, and upon the inhabitants thereof: for of a truth the LORD hath sent me unto you to speak all these words in your ears.
    Ezekiel 7:23 Make a chain: for the land is full of bloody crimes, and the city is full of violence.
    Ezekiel 9:9 Then said he unto me, The iniquity of the house of Israel and Judah [is] exceeding great, and the land is full of blood, and the city full of perverseness: for they say, The LORD hath forsaken the earth, and the LORD seeth not.
    Ezekiel 22:2 Now, thou son of man, wilt thou judge, wilt thou judge the bloody city? yea, thou shalt shew her all her abominations.
    Ezekiel 22:3 Then say thou, Thus saith the Lord GOD, The city sheddeth blood in the midst of it, that her time may come, and maketh idols against herself to defile herself.
    Ezekiel 24:6 Wherefore thus saith the Lord GOD; Woe to the bloody city, to the pot whose scum [is] therein, and whose scum is not gone out of it! bring it out piece by piece; let no lot fall upon it... 9 Therefore thus saith the Lord GOD; Woe to the bloody city! I will even make the pile for fire great.
    Hosea 6:8 Gilead [is] a city of them that work iniquity, [and is] polluted with blood.
  2. ↑ 01462 גּוֹב‎ GimelVavBeit gowb [gobe] from 01461 GimelVavBeit guwb meaning husbandman; n m coll; [BDB-146b] [{See TWOT on 304 @@ "304b" }] AV-grasshopper 2; 2
    1) locusts
    • How is a word that means a husbandman become a locust or grasshopper.
    • Amos 7:1 Thus hath the Lord GOD shewed unto me; and, behold, he formed grasshoppers <01462> in the beginning of the shooting up of the latter growth; and, lo, [it was] the latter growth after the king’s mowings.
    • It appears in this form כְּג֣וֹב גֹּבָ֑י in Nahum 3:17 Thy crowned [are] as the locusts, and thy captains as the great grasshoppers <01462>, which camp in the hedges in the cold day, [but] when the sun ariseth they flee away, and their place is not known where they [are].
    • Other words for grasshopper are 02284 ChetGimelBeit and 0697 AlefReshBeitHey from rabah ReshBeitHey 07235 which means "to become numerous".
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 We see in the text טֽוֹבַת TetVavBeitTav instead of TetVavBeit
    02896 טוֹב‎ TetVavBeit towb from the verb [tobe] 02895; adj/n m/ n f; [BDB-373b, BDB-375a, BDB-375b] [{See TWOT on 793 @@ "793a" }] AV-good 361, better 72, well 20, goodness 16, goodly 9, best 8, merry 7, fair 7, prosperity 6, precious 4, fine 3, wealth 3, beautiful 2, fairer 2, favour 2, glad 2, misc 35; 559
    • adj
    1) good, pleasant, agreeable
    1a) pleasant, agreeable (to the senses)
    1b) pleasant (to the higher nature)
    1c) good, excellent (of its kind)
    1d) good, rich, valuable in estimation
    1e) good, appropriate, becoming
    1f) better (comparative)
    1g) glad, happy, prosperous (of man’s sensuous nature)
    1h) good understanding (of man’s intellectual nature)
    1i) good, kind, benign
    1j) good, right (ethical)
    • n m
    2) a good thing, benefit, welfare
    2a) welfare , prosperity, happiness
    2b) good things (collective)
    2c) good, benefit
    2d) moral good
    • n f
    3) welfare, benefit, good things
    3a) welfare , prosperity, happiness
    3b) good things (collective)
    3c) bounty
    • ט Tet Introversion - The Concealed power of good or paradoxically evil [to twist a snake... wheel To surround (gestation)] (Numeric value: 9)
    • ו Vav Connection, Connecting realms and worlds or the dividing veil between them. [nail... And, Add, secure, hook] (Numeric value: 6)
    • ב Beit Purpose: God's Dwelling Place Below - a house or God's house here. [household, in, into] (Numeric value: 2)
  4. ↑ Habakkuk 2:12 Woe to him that buildeth a town with blood, and stablisheth a city by iniquity!
  5. ↑ Jeremiah 22:13 Woe unto him that buildeth his house by unrighteousness, and his chambers by wrong; that useth his neighbour's service without wages, and giveth him not for his work;
  6. ↑ But here we see DelatMemYodMem instead of just DelatMem
    01818 ^םד^ DaletMem dam \@dawm\@ from 01826דָּמַם‎ DaletMemMem silent still (compare 0119), Greek 184 ~Ακελδαμα~; n m; AV -blood 342, bloody 15, person + 05315, bloodguiltiness 1, bloodthirsty + 0582 1, vr blood 1; 361
    1) blood
    1a) of wine (fig.)
    • Micah 7:2 term blood is not merely the common DalethMem but לְדָמִ֣ים LamedDaletMemYodMem and we see the similar lə·ḏā·mām לְדָמָ֣ם LamedDaletMemMem in Proverbs 1:18
    • ד Dalet Selflessness – Charity, back and forth or through a door or pathway, to enter like a fish (Numeric value: 4)
    • מ ם Mem Fountain of water, a flow, a fountain of the Divine Wisdom [massive, overpower chaos] (Numeric value: 40)
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Instead of the normal KafShinPie we see KafShinPieYodMen only here in Nahum 3 03785 כֶּשֶׁף‎ kesheph [keh’-shef] KafShinPei from 03784; n m; [BDB-506b] [{See TWOT on 1051 @@ "1051a" }] AV-witchcraft 4, sorcery 2; 6
    1) sorcery, witchcraft
    כ ך Kaf K Crown: To Actualize Potential power from spiritual to physical realm [to cover, strength] (Numeric value: 20)
    ש Shin Eternal Flame of Spiritual Revelation, bound to the coal of righteousness, the Divine Essence. [sun... teeth... consume destroy] (Numeric value: 300)
    פ ף Pei Communication: The Oral Torah The mouth, blow, edge. [Mouth speak open word] (Numeric value: 80)
  8. ↑ 01540 גֶּלֶה‎ galah [gaw-law’] GimelLamedHey a primitive root; v; [BDB-162b] [{See TWOT on 350 }] AV-uncover 34, discover 29, captive 28, carry away 22, reveal 16, open 12, captivity 11, shew 9, remove 6, appear 3, misc 18; 188
    1) to uncover, remove
    1a) (Qal)
    1a1) to uncover
    1a2) to remove, depart
    1a3) to go into exile
    1b) (Niphal)
    1b1) (reflexive)
    1b1a) to uncover oneself
    1b1b) to discover or show oneself
    1b1c) to reveal himself (of God)
    1b2) (passive)
    1b2a) to be uncovered
    1b2b) to be disclosed, be discovered
    1b2c) to be revealed
    1b3) to be removed
    1c) (Piel)
    1c1) to uncover (nakedness)
    1c1a) nakedness
    1c1b) general
    1c2) to disclose, discover, lay bare
    1c3) to make known, show, reveal
    1d) (Pual) to be uncovered
    1e) (Hiphil) to carry away into exile, take into exile
    1f) (Hophal) to be taken into exile
    1g) (Hithpael)
    1g1) to be uncovered
    1g2) to reveal oneself
    • ג Gimel Reward and Punish, Cause and effect, 'justified repayment'. Do to others as they should do. Written like a Vav with a Yod as a "foot". Camel, [throwstick, pride, to lift up] (Numeric value: 3)
    • ל Lamed means Aspiration of the Heart or to learn or even direct like a shepherd. It has to do with what the Hand produces, [hand is די YodDalet] or directs with staff, whip... like the tongue may direct. (Numeric value: 30)
    • ה Hey Expression--Thought, Speech, Action. Manifest seeds of thought and life. [Emphasize, jubilation, window, fence] (Numeric value: 5)
  9. ↑ Normally the word skirt or hem is ShinVavLamed but here we see ShinVavLamedYodKaf šū-la-yiḵ
    07757 שׁוּל‎ ShinVavLamed shuwl [shool] from an unused root meaning to hang down; n m; [BDB-1002b] [{See TWOT on 2346 @@ "2346a" }] AV-hem 6, skirt 4, train 1; 11
    1) skirt (of robe)
    1a) of high priest’s robe
    1b) of God’s train, of a city as personified by a woman, ignominy, defilement (fig)
    • ש Shin Eternal Flame of Spiritual Revelation, bound to the coal of righteousness, the Divine Essence. [sun... teeth... consume destroy] (Numeric value: 300)
    • ו Vav Connection, Connecting realms and worlds or the dividing veil between them. [nail... And, Add, secure, hook] (Numeric value: 6)
    • ל Lamed means Aspiration of the Heart or to learn or even direct like a shepherd. It has to do with what the Hand produces, [hand is די YodDalet] or directs with staff, whip... like the tongue may direct. (Numeric value: 30)
  10. ↑ Appears with an additional Kaf MemAyinReishKaf
    04626 מַעַר‎ MemAyinReish ma‘ar [mah’-ar] from 06168; n m; [BDB-789a] [{See TWOT on 1692 @@ "1692d" }] AV-proportion 1, nakedness 1; 2
    1) bare, naked place, nakedness
    1a) bare place
    1b) nakedness, pudenda (exposed in punishment)
  11. ↑ MemMemLamedKafHey becomes VavMemMemLamedKafVavTav
    04467 מַמְלָכָה‎ MemMemLamedKafHey mamlakah [mam-law-kaw’] from 04427 MemLamedKaf v. reign ; n f; [BDB-575a] [{See TWOT on 1199 @@ "1199f" }] AV-kingdom 110, royal 4, reign 2, king’s 1; 117
    1) kingdom, dominion, reign, sovereignty
    1a) kingdom, realm
    1b) sovereignty, dominion
    1c) reign
  12. ↑ KafLamedVavNun becomes KafLamedVavNunKaf
    07036 קָלוֹן‎ KafLamedVavNun qalown [kaw-lone’] from 07034 KafLamedHey to disgrace,; n m; [BDB-885b] [{See TWOT on 2024 @@ "2024a" }] AV-shame 13, confusion 1, dishonour 1, ignominy 1, reproach 1; 17
    1) shame, disgrace, dishonour, ignominy
    1a) ignominy (of nation)
    1b) dishonour, disgrace (personal)
  13. ↑ ShinLamedKaf but here appears as VavHeyShinLamedKafTavYod Nahum 3:6 and Jeremiah 7:15
    07993 שָׁלַךְ‎ ShinLamedKaf shalak [shaw-lak] a primitive root; v; [BDB-1020b] [{See TWOT on 2398 }] AV-cast 77, cast out 15, cast away 11, cast down 11, cast forth 4, cast off 2, adventured 1, hurl 1, misc 3; 125
    1) to throw, cast, hurl, fling
    1a) (Hiphil)
    1a1) to throw, cast, throw away, cast off, shed, cast down
    1a2) to cast (lots) (fig)
    1b) (Hophal)
    1b1) to be thrown, be cast
    1b2) to be cast forth or out
    1b3) to be cast down
    1b4) to be cast (metaph)
  14. ↑ Here NunBeitLamed meaning senseless and foolish with Nahum's VavNunBeitLamedTavYodKuf וְנִבַּלְתִּ֑יךְ suggests you have become perfect savages
    05034 ^לבנ^ NunBeitLamed nabel \@naw-bale’\@ a primitive root; v; AV-fade 8, fade away 3, wear away 2, wither 2, disgrace 1, surely 1, dishonoureth 1, fall down 1, esteemed 1, falling 1, foolishly 1, come to nought 1, fall off 1, surely 1, make vile 1; 25
    1) to be senseless, be foolish
    1a) (Qal) to be foolish
    1b) (Piel)
    1b1) to regard or treat as foolish
    1b2) to treat with contempt
    2) to sink or drop down, languish, wither and fall, fade
    2a) (Qal)
    2a1) to sink or drop down
    2a2) to fall, wither and fall, fade
    2a3) to droop
    • נ ן Nun Heir to the Throne, Aramaic fish in the Mem (fish moving in flowing waters) or in the Hebrew the Nun may mean the kingdom with a double Nun suggesting spiritual insight in two realms. [fish moving... Activity life] (Numeric value: 50)
    • ב Beit Purpose: God's Dwelling Place Below - a house or God's house here. [household, in, into] (Numeric value: 2)
    • ל Lamed means Aspiration of the Heart or to learn or even direct like a shepherd. It has to do with what the Hand produces, [hand is די YodDalet] or directs with staff, whip... like the tongue may direct. (Numeric value: 30)
  15. ↑ Here we find וְשַׂמְתִּ֖יךְ VavShinMemTavYodKaf from the word ShinVavMem
    Also seen in Nahum 3:6, Isaiah 60:15 and Zechariah 9:13
    07760 שׂוּם‎ ShinVavMem suwm [soom] or שׂים‎ siym [seem]a primitive root; v/n f; [BDB-962b, BDB-965a] [{See TWOT on 2243 }] AV-put 155, make 123, set 119, lay 64, appoint 19, give 11, set up 10, consider 8, turn 5, brought 4, ordain 3, place 3, take 3, shew 2, regard 2, mark 2, disposed 2, care 2, misc 48; 585 v
    1) to put, place, set, appoint, make
    1a) (Qal)
    1a1) to put, set, lay, put or lay upon, lay (violent) hands on
    1a2) to set, direct, direct toward
    1a2a) to extend (compassion) (fig)
    1a3) to set, ordain, establish, found, appoint, constitute, make, determine, fix
    1a4) to set, station, put, set in place, plant, fix
    1a5) to make, make for, transform into, constitute, fashion, work, bring to pass, appoint, give
    1b) (Hiphil) to set or make for a sign
    1c) (Hophal) to be set
    • n f
    2) determined [{#2Sa 13:32 }]
  16. ↑ From ReishAlefYod (07210) but is KafReishAlefYod only in Nahum
  17. ↑ Nineveh was the capital of Assyria which is associated with Babylon and the bondage of Egypt 05210 נִינְוֵה‎ Niynëveh [nee-nev-ay’] of foreign origin, Greek 3535 Νινευι; n pr loc; [BDB-644a] [{See TWOT on 1326 @@ "1326a" }] AV-Nineveh 17; 17 Nineveh= "abode of Ninus"
    1) capital of the ancient kingdom of Assyria; located on the east bank of the Tigris river, 550 miles (880 km) from its mouth and 250 miles (400 km) north of Babylon
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 18.2 03218 ^קלי^ yekeq \@yeh’- lek\@ from an unused root meaning to lick up; n m; {See TWOT on 870 @@ "870a"} AV-cankerworm 6, caterpillar 3; 9
    1) young locust (early stage of development)
    1a) caterpillar (as devouring)
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 0697 ^הברא^ ‘arbeh \@ar-beh’\@ AlefReshBeitHey said to be from רָבָה‎ rabah ReshBeitHey 07235 which means "be or become great, be or become many, be or become much, be or become numerous"; n m; {See TWOT on 2103 @@ "2103a"} AV-locust 20, grasshopper 4; 24 a.k.a. the swarming locust
    1) a kind of locust, locust swarm (coll)
    2) (CLBL)
    2a) sudden disappearance (fig.)
    2b) insignificance (fig.)
    2c) activity (fig.)
    Note:
    • 0696 אֹרֶב‎ ‘oreb AlefReshBeit is defined "ambuscade, hiding place... treachery, deceit (fig.)
    • 0695 אֶרֶב‎ ‘ereb AlefReshBeit is defined "a lying-in-wait ... covert, lair, den" also ambush in Arabic.
  20. ↑ Nahum uses ReishKafLamedYodKaf which means "trafficker,"
    07402 רָכַל‎ ReishKafLamed rakal [raw-kal’] a primitive root; v; [BDB-940a] [{See TWOT on 2165 }] AV-merchant17; 17
    1) to go about (meaning dubious)
    1a) (Qal) trafficker, trader (participle) (subst)
    • ר Reish Process of Clarification The "head" or "beginning". Life's revelation. [Head... Person head highest] (Numeric value: 200)
    • כ ך Kaf K Crown: To Actualize Potential power from spiritual to physical realm [to cover, strength] (Numeric value: 20)
    • ל Lamed means Aspiration of the Heart or to learn or even direct like a shepherd. It has to do with what the Hand produces, [hand is די YodDalet] or directs with staff, whip... like the tongue may direct. (Numeric value: 30)
  21. ↑ 04502 מִנְּזָר‎ MemNunZayinReish minnëzar [min-ez-awr’] or (plural) מנזרים‎ from 05144 NunZayinReish separated or dedicated; n m; [BDB-634b] [{See TWOT on 1340 @@ "1340d" }] AV-crowned 1; 1
    1) princes, anointed ones, consecrated ones
    1a) meaning dubious
    • MemNunZayinReish 04502 only appears in Nahum 3:17 but written as MemNunZayinReishYodKuf in reference to swarming locusts AlefReishBeitHey (from 0697) where it also says the generals which normally appears as TetPieSamechReish appears as VavTetPieSamechReishYodKaf and are said to be like like grasshoppers using GimelVavBeit from 01462 written in the original text as KafGimelVavBeit.
  22. ↑ 01462 גּוֹב‎ GimelVavBeit gowb [gobe] from 01461 GimelVavBeit guwb meaning husbandman; n m coll; [BDB-146b] [{See TWOT on 304 @@ "304b" }] AV-grasshopper 2; 2
    1) locusts
    • How is a word that means a husbandman become a locust or grasshopper.
    • Amos 7:1 Thus hath the Lord GOD shewed unto me; and, behold, he formed grasshoppers <01462> in the beginning of the shooting up of the latter growth; and, lo, [it was] the latter growth after the king’s mowings.
    • It appears in this form כְּג֣וֹב גֹּבָ֑י in Nahum 3:17 Thy crowned [are] as the locusts, and thy captains as the great grasshoppers <01462>, which camp in the hedges in the cold day, [but] when the sun ariseth they flee away, and their place is not known where they [are].
    • Other words for grasshopper are 02284 ChetGimelBeit and 0697 AlefReshBeitHey from rabah ReshBeitHey 07235 which means "to become numerous".
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