Genius
The Latin term gene can literally mean “begetter” while genes can mean meaning “born” or “produce.”
Nut the Latin term genius means having an “inborn nature; a tutelary deity of a person or place; wit, brilliance”.
In early Latin culture the union of man and woman who formed and procreated the family together as one person was considered a sacred union. Their home was sacred or separate and the law of the father ruled with his wife.
In every family there was both king and priest who held the powers of the imperium, potestas[1] and auctoritas [2] as the genius of the house.
Over time the power that by nature is vested in the family was shifted by practices and neglect, by word and deed, to the State. The meaning of the genius moved from the Spirit seen in the life of the natural father to a more central civil power of the State as the "guardian deity or spirit which watches over each person from birth".
In an early meaning the term had a spiritual or even religious significance in society. Religion was meant to bind society together through social bonds of virtuous practices like hospitality or fervent charity between families and groups of families called clans or tribes.
As society grew certain people took on the responsibility to minister that charity throughout society in small groups networked together like we say with the Altars of Abraham and the congregations of tens who worshipped from the door of their tents[3] through their altars of clay and stone that Moses set up to bind a nation together by love and charity.
As the Roman society grew there would be a need to manage the genius of the Roman house hold where the power of the Paterfamilius was delegated or extended to the most trusted men of their society. They became the priests of society much like the Levites who served the tents of the congregations as the Church in the wilderness and like the deacons of the New Testament Church
The stories of Nimrod's Babylon, Pharaoh's Egypt, or Caesar's Rome were examples of legal charity through the state and a departure from the genius of the natural fathers. Legal charity is a form of public religion like that of the Imperial Cult of Rome where the genius, along with the potestas[1], imperium, and authority is vested in the Patronus of the State.
Vigellius Saturninus
Vigellius Saturninus, proconsul of Africa in 180 CE, addressed the some called antisocial behavior of the twelve Scillitan Christian martyrs who were being persecuted because of their practice of Pure Religion with the statement:
“We too are religious, and our religion is simple, and we swear by the Genius of our lord the emperor, and we apply for his benefits, as you also ought to do.”
His would include his free bread and other benefits which Plutarch had called bounties, donations, and benefits[4] but the Proverbs calls the dainties of rulers, Paul and David said those benefits that should be for your "welfare was a snare", and Paul warned that we should touch not .
That genius was the power to redistribute the provisions of the household that had been in the hands of the father of each family. Other rights one held by each family in free societies were not held by the the emperors and the vast bureaucracy he rules over. The Romans call these endowed rights the potestas, imperium, and authority is vested in
The "genius loci", plural "genii locorum" was the protective spirit of a place but was also a symbol used to designate a location where free bread or grain was provided through the Imperial Cult of Rome.
The imperial cult or emperor worship honored the emperor during his reign or in Rome after his death often because of their welfare support through the temples. It was their genius that set the welfare tables of Rome but those tables that fed the people should have been for the welfare but were a snare.
Emperors in Rome could be declared divus or divine after their death. But they were already considered to be both Savior and Son of God.
The original "genius loci" was the tree of life in the Garden of Eden.
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Footnotes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Potestas, in the law of the Latins, "signifies generally a power or faculty" of authority by which we do anything." Patria Potestas originally signified the authority which a father had over of his children, grandchildren, and other descendants. When this right or power was eventually vested in the State the agency of government became the father of the people and this not only weakened the people but reduced their liberty. See Parens Patriae or "Call no man Father".
- ↑ Auctoritas is a Latin word which is the origin of English "authority".
- ↑ Exodus 33:10 And all the people saw the cloudy pillar stand [at] the tabernacle door: and all the people rose up and worshipped, every man [in] his tent door.
- ↑ “The real destroyers of the liberties of the people is he who spreads among them bounties, donations, and benefits.” Plutarch