Exodus 12

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The people of Israel and eventually the Levites who were "called out" organize themselves in patterns of Tens as Christ commanded His disciples to do with the people.
V3 The first place we see the Hebrew word for congregation in the Bible is Exodus 12:3 "Speak ye unto all the congregation[1] of Israel..."
The word is edah [1] also translated "company" and "assembly". It is from the Hebrew word "ed"[2] meaning "witness" or "testimony".
It is contracted from the Hebrew word ‘uwd[3] composed of the letters AyinVavDalet meaning "to return" in the sense of "repeat" for the purpose "to bear witness". We will see another word for congregation in Exodus 27 [4] translated AV-congregation 150 times but also feast, season, appointed, time, assembly, solemnity, solemn, and even synagogues which were groups of ten families united in a network which were a gathering through the tabernacle and tents of the people.
V4 The "number of the souls"[5] is the number of persons and includes an additional Tav in the text. You need to have faith to eat this meal.
V5 without blemish is from the Hebrew word ṯāmîm[6] (TavMemYodMem(תָמִ֛ים)). This is the same word we see in Genesis 6:9 concerning generations and Genesis 17:1 concerning a perfect walk.
V7 Blood on the door posts. Those posts support the door and are a symbol that this house lives by the blood of the lamb. V8, V9 They need to roast it and the "purtenance" which are the "entrails".(קִרְבּֽוֹ)[7] See also Exodus 29:17
V10 There was not to be leftovers and everyone who was to eat of this lamb had to come into a house to eat it all that night. This brought the poorer people into the wealthier families' home to share. These [[[rituals and ceremonies|rituals]] were a symbol of that which would help create the social bonds of a free society.
V11 In this Text there are numerous extra letters and untranslated words. ye shall eat is from AlefKafLamed[8] but appears as ḵəlū (TavAlefKafLamedVav תֹּאכְל֣וּ) and it is from an untranslated accusative AlefTav[9] but appears as (AlefTavVav אֹתוֹ֒). The phrase "with your loins girded" is from mothen MemTavNun[10] but appears as māṯənêḵem(MemTavNunYodKafMem מָתְנֵיכֶ֣ם) and chagar ChetGimelReish[11] but appears as ḥăḡurîm (HeyGimelReishYodMem חֲגֻרִ֔ים). With the second and ye shall eat wa’ăḵaltem (VavAlefKafLamedTavMem וַאֲכַלְתֶּ֤ם)[8]. All these rituals and ceremonies of the the LORD'S passover are designed to give us deeper meanings of the precepts of God.
In Exodus 6 "their armies" is from tsaba’ TzadikBeitAlef[12] but the word in the text is ṣiḇ’ōṯām TzadikBeitAlefTavMem (צִבְאֹתָֽם׃) which only appears here and in Exodus 12:51. A similar form is also seen in Exodus 7:4 TzadikBeitAlefTavYod. In verse 17 ṣiḇ’ōwṯêḵem we see TzadikBeitAlefVavTavYodKafMem (צִבְאוֹתֵיכֶ֖ם). But in verse 41 we see the word host from ṣiḇ’ōwṯ TzadikBeitAlefVavTav (צִבְא֥וֹת).
V23 “Forsooth, the children of princes are dashed against the walls” Ipuwer 4:3 and 5:6

“Forsooth, the children of princes are cast out in the streets”. Ipuwer 6:12

V29 “Behold, plague sweeps the land, blood is everywhere, with no shortage of the

dead . . . . He who buries his brother in the ground is everywhere . . . . Woe is me for the grief of this time.” Ipuwer 2:5, 6, 13, 4:3

“What shall we do about it? All is ruin!” Ipuwer 3:13
V30 “Wailing is throughout the land, mingled with lamentations.” Ipuwer 3:14
[1]


The Passover

1 And the LORD spake unto Moses and Aaron in the land of Egypt, saying, 2 This month shall be unto you the beginning of months: it shall be the first month of the year to you. 3 Speak ye unto all the congregation[1] of Israel, saying, In the tenth day of this month they shall take to them every man a lamb, according to the house of their fathers, a lamb for an house:

Households and neighbors

4 And if the household be too little for the lamb, let him and his neighbour next unto his house take it according to the number of the souls[5]; every man according to his eating shall make your count for the lamb.

No blemish

5 Your lamb shall be without blemish, a male of the first year: ye shall take it out from the sheep, or from the goats: 6 And ye shall keep it up until the fourteenth day of the same month: and the whole assembly of the congregation of Israel shall kill it in the evening. 7 And they shall take of the blood, and strike it on the two side posts and on the upper door post of the houses, wherein they shall eat it. 8 And they shall eat the flesh in that night, roast with fire, and unleavened bread; and with bitter herbs they shall eat it. 9 Eat not of it raw, nor sodden at all with water, but roast with fire; his head with his legs, and with the purtenance thereof. 10 And ye shall let nothing of it remain until the morning; and that which remaineth of it until the morning ye shall burn with fire.


Make haste

11 And thus shall ye eat[8] it[9] with your loins[10] girded, your shoes on your feet, and your staff in your hand; and ye shall eat[8] it in haste: it is the LORD'S passover. 12 For I will pass through the land of Egypt this night, and will smite all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, both man and beast; and against all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgment: I am the LORD. 13 And the blood shall be to you for a token upon the houses where ye are: and when I see the blood, I will pass over you, and the plague shall not be upon you to destroy you, when I smite the land of Egypt. 14 And this day shall be unto you for a memorial[13]; and ye shall keep it a feast to the LORD throughout your generations; ye shall keep it a feast by an ordinance for ever.


Unleavened bread

15 Seven days shall ye eat unleavened bread; even the first day ye shall put away leaven out of your houses: for whosoever eateth leavened bread from the first day until the seventh day, that soul shall be cut off from Israel. 16 And in the first day there shall be an holy convocation, and in the seventh day there shall be an holy convocation to you; no manner of work shall be done in them, save that which every man must eat, that only may be done of you. 17 And ye shall observe the feast of unleavened bread; for in this selfsame day have I brought your armies out of the land of Egypt: therefore shall ye observe this day in your generations by an ordinance for ever. 18 In the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month at even, ye shall eat unleavened bread, until the one and twentieth day of the month at even. 19 Seven days shall there be no leaven found in your houses: for whosoever eateth that which is leavened, even that soul shall be cut off from the congregation of Israel, whether he be a stranger, or born in the land. 20 Ye shall eat nothing leavened; in all your habitations shall ye eat unleavened bread.

The LORD will pass

21 Then Moses called for all the elders of Israel, and said unto them, Draw out and take you a lamb according to your families, and kill the passover. 22 And ye shall take a bunch of hyssop, and dip it in the blood that is in the bason, and strike the lintel and the two side posts with the blood that is in the bason; and none of you shall go out at the door of his house until the morning. 23 For the LORD will pass through to smite the Egyptians; and when he seeth the blood upon the lintel, and on the two side posts, the LORD will pass over the door, and will not suffer the destroyer to come in unto your houses to smite you.


Ye shall keep this service

24 And ye shall observe this thing for an ordinance to thee and to thy sons for ever. 25 And it shall come to pass, when ye be come to the land which the LORD will give you, according as he hath promised, that ye shall keep this service. 26 And it shall come to pass, when your children shall say unto you, What mean ye by this service? 27 That ye shall say, It is the sacrifice of the LORD'S passover, who passed over the houses of the children of Israel in Egypt, when he smote the Egyptians, and delivered our houses. And the people bowed the head and worshipped. 28 And the children of Israel went away, and did as the LORD had commanded Moses and Aaron, so did they.


The Tenth Plague: Death of the Firstborn

29 And it came to pass, that at midnight the LORD smote all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, from the firstborn of Pharaoh that sat on his throne unto the firstborn of the captive that was in the dungeon; and all the firstborn of cattle. 30 And Pharaoh rose up in the night, he, and all his servants, and all the Egyptians; and there was a great cry in Egypt; for there was not a house where there was not one dead. 31 And he called for Moses and Aaron by night, and said, Rise up, and get you forth from among my people, both ye and the children of Israel; and go, serve the LORD, as ye have said. 32 Also take your flocks and your herds, as ye have said, and be gone; and bless me also.

The Exodus

33 And the Egyptians were urgent upon the people, that they might send them out of the land in haste; for they said, We be all dead men. 34 And the people took their dough before it was leavened, their kneadingtroughs being bound up in their clothes upon their shoulders. 35 And the children of Israel did according to the word of Moses; and they borrowed of the Egyptians jewels of silver, and jewels of gold, and raiment: 36 And the LORD gave the people favour in the sight of the Egyptians, so that they lent unto them such things as they required. And they spoiled the Egyptians.

Men of a mixed multitude

37 And the children of Israel journeyed from Rameses to Succoth, about six hundred thousand on foot that were men, beside children. 38 And a mixed multitude went up also with them; and flocks, and herds, even very much cattle.


Unleaven

39 And they baked unleavened cakes of the dough which they brought forth out of Egypt, for it was not leavened; because they were thrust out of Egypt, and could not tarry, neither had they prepared for themselves any victual. 40 Now the sojourning of the children of Israel, who dwelt in Egypt, was four hundred and thirty years. 41 And it came to pass at the end of the four hundred and thirty years, even the selfsame day it came to pass, that all the hosts[12] of the LORD went out from the land of Egypt. 42 It is a night to be much observed unto the LORD for bringing them out from the land of Egypt: this is that night of the LORD to be observed of all the children of Israel in their generations.

Institution of the Passover

43 And the LORD said unto Moses and Aaron, This is the ordinance of the passover: There shall no stranger eat thereof: 44 But every man's servant that is bought for money, when thou hast circumcised him, then shall he eat thereof. 45 A foreigner and an hired servant shall not eat thereof. 46 In one house shall it be eaten; thou shalt not carry forth ought of the flesh abroad out of the house; neither shall ye break a bone thereof.

All the congregation

47 All the congregation of Israel shall keep it. 48 And when a stranger shall sojourn with thee, and will keep the passover to the LORD, let all his males be circumcised, and then let him come near and keep it; and he shall be as one that is born in the land: for no uncircumcised person shall eat thereof.


One law

49 One law shall be to him that is homeborn, and unto the stranger that sojourneth among you. 50 Thus did all the children of Israel; as the LORD commanded Moses and Aaron, so did they. 51 And it came to pass the selfsame day, that the LORD did bring the children of Israel out of the land of Egypt by their armies.

Exodus | Exodus 1 | Exodus 2 | Exodus 3 | Exodus 4 | Exodus 5 | Exodus 6 | Exodus 7 | Exodus 8 | Exodus 9 | Exodus 10 | Exodus 11 | Exodus 12 | Exodus 13 | Exodus 14 | Exodus 15 | Exodus 16 | Exodus 17 | Exodus 18 | Exodus 19 | Exodus 20 | Exodus 21 | Exodus 22 | Exodus 23 | Exodus 24 | Exodus 25 | Exodus 26 | Exodus 27 | Exodus 28 | Exodus 29 | Exodus 30 | Exodus 31 | Exodus 32 | Exodus 33 | Exodus 34 | Exodus 35 | Exodus 36 | Exodus 37 | Exodus 38 | Exodus 39 | Exodus 40 |

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  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 05712 ^הדע^ ‘edah \@ay-daw’\@ from 05707 meaning witness in the original sense of fixture; n f; AV-congregation 124, company 13, assembly 9, multitude 1, people 1, swarm 1; 149
    1) congregation, gathering
    • ע Ayin also U. Divine Providence "eye" or "fountain" of five states of kindness or severity. AlefYodNun or nothingness as opposed to AlefShin something [eye, watch] (Numeric value: 70)
    • ד Dalet Selflessness – Charity, back and forth or through a door or pathway, to enter like a fish (Numeric value: 4)
    • ה Hey Expression--Thought, Speech, Action. Manifest seeds of thought and life. [Emphasize, jubilation, window, fence] (Numeric value: 5)
  2. 05707 ^דע^ ‘ed \@ayd\@ contracted from 05749; n m; {See TWOT on 1576 @@ "1576b"} AV-witness 69; 69
    1) witness
    1a) witness, testimony, evidence (of things)
    1b) witness (of people)
    • ע Ayin also U. Divine Providence "eye" or "fountain" of five states of kindness or severity. AlefYodNun or nothingness as opposed to AlefShin something [eye, watch] (Numeric value: 70)
    • ד Dalet Selflessness – Charity, back and forth or through a door or pathway, to enter like a fish (Numeric value: 4)
  3. 05749 ^דוע^ AyinVavDalet ‘uwd \@ood\@ a primitive root; v; {See TWOT on 1576} {See TWOT on 1576 @@ "1576d"} AV-testify 15, protest 6, witness 6, record 3, charge 2, solemnly 2, take 3, admonished 1, misc 7; 45
    1) to return, repeat, go about, do again
    1a) (Piel) to surround, go round and round
    1b) (Pilel) to restore, relieve
    1c) (Hithpalel) to be restored
    2) to bear witness
    2a) (Qal) to bear witness, say again and again
    2b) (Hiphil)
    2b1) to testify, bear witness
    2b2) to cause to testify, take or call as witness, invoke
    2b3) to protest, affirm solemnly, warn, exhort or enjoin solemnly, admonish, charge
    2c) (Hophal) to protest, give warning
    • ע Ayin also U. Divine Providence "eye" or "fountain" of five states of kindness or severity. AlefYodNun or nothingness as opposed to AlefShin something [eye, watch] (Numeric value: 70)
    • ו Vav Connection, Connecting realms and worlds or the dividing veil between them. [nail... And, Add, secure, hook] (Numeric value: 6)
    • ד Dalet Selflessness – Charity, back and forth or through a door or pathway, to enter like a fish (Numeric value: 4)
  4. 04150 מוֹעֵד‎ MemVavAyinDalet mow‘ed [mo-ade’] or מעד‎ mo‘ed [mo-ade’] or (fem.) מועדה‎ mow‘adah (#2Ch 8:13) [mo-aw-daw’] from 03259 יָעַד‎ YodAyinDalet ya‘ad fix or appoint; n m; [BDB-417a] [{See TWOT on 878 @@ "878b" }] AV-congregation 150, feast 23, season 13, appointed 12, time 12, assembly 4, solemnity 4, solemn 2, days 1, sign 1, synagogues 1; 223
    1) appointed place, appointed time, meeting
    1a) appointed time 1a1) appointed time (general) 1a2) sacred season, set feast, appointed season 1b) appointed meeting 1c) appointed place 1d) appointed sign or signal 1e) tent of meeting
  5. 5.0 5.1 05315 ^שׁפנ^ nephesh NunPeiShin \@neh’- fesh\@ from 05314; n f; AV-soul 475, life 117, person 29, mind 15, heart 15, creature 9, body 8, himself 8, yourselves 6, dead 5, will 4, desire 4, man 3, themselves 3, any 3, appetite 2, misc 47; 753
    1) soul, self, life, creature, person, appetite, mind, living being, desire, emotion, passion
    1a) that which breathes, the breathing substance or being, soul, the inner being of man
    1b) living being
    1c) living being (with life in the blood)
    1d) the man himself, self, person or individual
    1e) seat of the appetites
    1f) seat of emotions and passions
    1g) activity of mind
    1g1) dubious
    1h) activity of the will
    1h1) dubious
    1i) activity of the character
    1i1) dubious
    • נ ן Nun Heir to the Throne, Aramaic fish in the Mem (fish moving in flowing waters) or in the Hebrew the Nun may mean the kingdom with a double Nun suggesting spiritual insight in two realms. [fish moving... Activity life] (Numeric value: 50)
    • פ ף Pei Communication: The Oral Torah The mouth, blow, edge. [Mouth speak open word] (Numeric value: 80)
    • ש Shin Eternal Flame of Spiritual Revelation, bound to the coal of righteousness, the Divine Essence. [sun... teeth... consume destroy] (Numeric value: 300)
  6. 08549 תָּמִים‎ tamiym [taw-meem’] TavMemYodMem from 08552 TavMemMem to be complete, be finished ; adj; [BDB-1071a] [{See TWOT on 2522 @@ "2522d" }] AV-without blemish 44, perfect 18, upright 8, without spot 6, uprightly 4, whole 4, sincerely 2, complete 1, full 1, misc 3; 91
    1) complete, whole, entire, sound
    1a) complete, whole, entire
    1b) whole, sound, healthful
    1c) complete, entire (of time)
    1d) sound, wholesome, unimpaired, innocent, having integrity
    1e) what is complete or entirely in accord with truth and fact (neuter adj/subst)
  7. 07130 קֶרֶב‎ qereb [keh’-reb] from 07126; n m; [BDB-899a] [{See TWOT on 2066 @@ "2066a" }] AV-among 76, midst 73, within 24, inwards 22, in 6, misc 26; 227
    1) midst, among, inner part, middle
    1a) inward part
    1a1) physical sense
    1a2) as seat of thought and emotion
    1a3) as faculty of thought and emotion
    1b) in the midst, among, from among (of a number of persons)
    1c) entrails (of sacrificial animals)
  8. 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 0398 ^לכא^ ‘akal \@aw-Kal’\@ a primitive root AlefKafLamed; v; {See TWOT on 85} AV-eat 604, devour 111, consume 32, misc 55; 810
    1) to eat, devour, burn up, feed
    1a) (Qal)
    1a1) to eat (human subject)
    1a2) to eat, devour (of beasts and birds)
    1a3) to devour, consume (of fire)
    1a4) to devour, slay (of sword)
    1a5) to devour, consume, destroy (inanimate subjects i.e., pestilence, drought)
    1a6) to devour (of oppression)
    1b) (Niphal)
    1b1) to be eaten (by men)
    1b2) to be devoured, consumed (of fire)
    1b3) to be wasted, destroyed (of flesh)
    1c) (Pual)
    1c1) to cause to eat, feed with
    1c2) to cause to devour
    1d) (Hiphil)
    1d1) to feed
    1d2) to cause to eat
    1e) (Piel)
    1e1) consume
  9. 9.0 9.1 0853 אֵת‎ ‘eth [ayth] apparent contracted from both 0225 consent or 0226 a token or a sign תוא AlefVavTav ‘owth in the demonstrative sense of entity; dir obj; [BDB-84b] [{See TWOT on 186 }] AV-not translated; 22
    1) sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative
    • suggesting a connection by faith or consent
  10. 10.0 10.1 04975 מֹתֶן‎ mothen MemTavNun [mo’-then] from an unused root meaning to be slender; n m; [BDB-608a] [{See TWOT on 1267 @@ "1267a" }] AV-loins 42, side 4, greyhound 1; 47
    1) loins, hips
    1a) used with 02223 in #Pr 30:31; perhaps an extinct animal, exact meaning unknown
  11. 02296 חָגַר‎ ChetGimelReish chagar [khaw-gar’] a primitive root; v; [BDB-291b] [{See TWOT on 604 }] AV-gird 31, appointed 3, gird on 3, gird up 2, be afraid 1, put 1, restrain 1, on every side 1; 43
    1) to gird, gird on, gird oneself, put on a belt
    1a) (Qal)
    1a1) to gird
    1a2) to gird on, bind on
    1a3) to gird oneself
    • ח Chet The Life Force - Dynamic nature of - cause and effect - give life and live.[fence, thread, hedge, chamber...cycle] (Numeric value: 8)
    • ג Gimel Reward and Punish, Cause and effect, 'justified repayment'. Do to others as they should do. Written like a Vav with a Yod as a "foot". Camel, [throwstick, pride, to lift up] (Numeric value: 3)
    • ר Reish Process of Clarification The "head" or "beginning". Life's revelation. [Head... Person head highest] (Numeric value: 200)
  12. 12.0 12.1 06635 צָבָא‎ TzadikBeitAlef tsaba’ [tsaw-baw’] or (fem.) צבאה‎ tsëba’ah [tseb-aw-aw’] from 06633, Greek 4519 σαβαωθ; n m; [BDB-838b] [{See TWOT on 1865 @@ "1865a" }] [{See TWOT on 1865 @@ "1865b" }] AV-host 393, war 41, army 29, battle 5, service 5, appointed time 3, warfare 2, soldiers 1, company 1, misc 5; 485
    1) that which goes forth, army, war, warfare, host
    1a) army, host
    1a1) host (of organised army)
    1a2) host (of angels)
    1a3) of sun, moon, and stars
    1a4) of whole creation
    1b) war, warfare, service, go out to war
    1c) service
    • צ ץ Tzadik is always related to The Faith of the Righteous One, the foundation of the word "to hunt" or Harvest even eat or desire. [Harvest, pant, desire] (Numeric value: 90)
    • ב Beit Purpose: God's Dwelling Place Below - a house or God's house here. [household, in, into] (Numeric value: 2)
    • א Alef Father-Son- begin- The Paradox: God and Man - (ox bull) [strength, leader, first] (Numeric value: 1)
  13. 02146 ^ןורכז^ zikrown ZayinKafReishVavNun \@zik-rone’\@ from 02142 ZayinKafReish; n m; {See TWOT on 551 @@ "551b"} AV-memorial 17, remembrance 6, records 1; 24
    1) memorial, reminder, remembrance
    • זָ ז Zayin The "Crowned" head. The Service and Valor, cut and bread, war and nourish. [weapon.... Cut, to cut off, manacle] (Numeric value: 7)
    • כ ך Kaf K Crown: To Actualize Potential power from spiritual to physical realm [to cover, strength] (Numeric value: 20)
    • ר Reish Process of Clarification The "head" or "beginning". Life's revelation. [Head... Person head highest] (Numeric value: 200)
    • ו Vav Connection, Connecting realms and worlds or the dividing veil between them. [nail... And, Add, secure, hook] (Numeric value: 6)
    • נ ן Nun Heir to the Throne, Aramaic fish in the Mem (fish moving in flowing waters) or in the Hebrew the Nun may mean the kingdom with a double Nun suggesting spiritual insight in two realms. [fish moving... Activity life] (Numeric value: 50)