Temple of Moneta: Difference between revisions
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[[File:juno.jpg|right|250px|thumb|[[Temple of Moneta|Temple]] of '''Juno Moneta''' is considered to be another "pagan temple" but it was simply a place where coins were minted by the government. Most of these temples provided government services in one form or another.]] | [[File:juno.jpg|right|250px|thumb|[[Temple of Moneta|Temple]] of '''Juno Moneta''' is considered to be another "pagan temple" but it was simply a place where coins were minted by the government. Most of these temples provided government services in one form or another.]] | ||
The Temple of '''Juno Moneta''' (Latin: Templum Iunonis Monetæ) was an ancient Roman temple that stood on the Arx, the Citadel, on the Capitoline Hill overlooking the Roman government Forum. | |||
The word [[Money]] is from a Middle English word from Old French ''moneie'', from Latin ''moneta'' ‘mint, money’. | |||
It was an original title of the [[goddess]] '''Juno''', in whose [[Temples|temple]] the money of [[Rome]] was minted. In addition, it was the place where the books recording the legal opinions of the magistrates and judges, who were the [[Gods|gods]] of Roman Courts were deposited. | |||
According to Livy, during the [[Republic]], the mint was on the Capitoline Hill, either in, or very near, the temple of Juno Moneta.<Ref>Livy 6.20.13.</Ref> Like most of the [[temples]] of [[Rome]] it provided government services. | According to Livy, during the [[Republic]], the mint was on the Capitoline Hill, either in, or very near, the temple of Juno Moneta.<Ref>Livy 6.20.13.</Ref> Like most of the [[temples]] of [[Rome]] it provided government services. | ||
=== The authority to mint === | |||
Minting coins was under the dominion of the Senate but the one who was in charge was called the ''"Moneyers"'' who produced coins with generic images commemorating Roman achievements. | Minting coins was under the dominion of the Senate but the one who was in charge was called the ''"Moneyers"'' who produced coins with generic images commemorating Roman achievements. | ||
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Under the Empire, the emperors had direct control of coinage. | Under the Empire, the emperors had direct control of coinage. | ||
The Temple of '''Juno Moneta''' | The Temple of '''Juno Moneta''' is where we get the term [[Money]], which is from a Middle English word from the Old French ''moneie'', and from the Latin ''moneta'' or ‘mint, or money’. | ||
It was a part of an original title of the [[goddess]] '''Juno''', in whose [[Temples|temple]] the official [[money]] of the [[Rome]] was minted. | |||
In addition, it was the place where the books recording the legal opinions of the magistrates and judges, who were the [[Gods|gods]] of Roman Courts were deposited. | |||
=== Counterfieting === | |||
<blockquote> | <blockquote> | ||
"Money is the just medium and measure of all commutable things, for, by the medium of money, a convenient and just estimation of all things is made."<Ref>Maxim: "Moneta est justum medium et mensura rerum commutabilium, nam per meduim monetae fit omnium rerum conveniens, et justa aestimatio." Dav. 18. See 1 Bouv. Inst. n. 922.</Ref> | |||
</blockquote> | </blockquote> | ||
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On the coin was the ''[[Graven images|graven image]]'' of the "son of the [[Imperial Cult of Rome|Divine]] Augustus" run through the [[temples]] of [[Rome]]. Octavian was called '''"Augustus Caesar, the [[savior]] of the whole world”''' by all the people who saw his [[exercise authority|exercising authority]] as a solution to the [[world]]'s problems. He was also called the [[Father]] of [[Rome]] and the [[Son of God]]. | On the coin was the ''[[Graven images|graven image]]'' of the "son of the [[Imperial Cult of Rome|Divine]] Augustus" run through the [[temples]] of [[Rome]]. | ||
<blockquote> | |||
* "And he saith unto them, Whose is this image and superscription? And they said unto him, Caesar’s." | |||
</blockquote> | |||
Octavian was called '''"[[Augustus Caesar]], the [[savior]] of the whole world”''' by all the people who saw his [[exercise authority|exercising authority]] as a solution to the [[world]]'s problems. He was also called the [[Father]] of [[Rome]] and the [[Son of God]]. | |||
He was also called the [[Savior]] of the [[world]] of [[Rome]] in the minds of many people who believed that his power as Emperor was able to establish “Peace on earth,” with his "Pax Romana". | He was also called the [[Savior]] of the [[world]] of [[Rome]] in the minds of many people who believed that his power as Emperor was able to establish “Peace on earth,” with his "Pax Romana". | ||
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=== Tragan === | === Tragan === | ||
Trajan (r. 98–117) seemed to have an additional mint based on some dedicatory inscriptions indicates there may have been the office of "Moneta Caesaris" on the Caelian Hill which survived into the third century<Ref> Noreña 2011, 191</Ref> and the remaining mint was closed by 476 AD. | Trajan (r. 98–117) seemed to have an additional mint based on some dedicatory inscriptions indicates there may have been the office of "Moneta Caesaris" on the Caelian Hill which survived into the third century<Ref> Noreña 2011, 191</Ref> and the remaining mint was closed by 476 AD. | ||
Revision as of 14:46, 6 March 2025
Temple of Juno Moneta
The Temple of Juno Moneta (Latin: Templum Iunonis Monetæ) was an ancient Roman temple that stood on the Arx, the Citadel, on the Capitoline Hill overlooking the Roman government Forum.
The word Money is from a Middle English word from Old French moneie, from Latin moneta ‘mint, money’.
It was an original title of the goddess Juno, in whose temple the money of Rome was minted. In addition, it was the place where the books recording the legal opinions of the magistrates and judges, who were the gods of Roman Courts were deposited.
According to Livy, during the Republic, the mint was on the Capitoline Hill, either in, or very near, the temple of Juno Moneta.[1] Like most of the temples of Rome it provided government services.
The authority to mint
Minting coins was under the dominion of the Senate but the one who was in charge was called the "Moneyers" who produced coins with generic images commemorating Roman achievements.
Under the Empire, the emperors had direct control of coinage.
The Temple of Juno Moneta is where we get the term Money, which is from a Middle English word from the Old French moneie, and from the Latin moneta or ‘mint, or money’.
It was a part of an original title of the goddess Juno, in whose temple the official money of the Rome was minted.
In addition, it was the place where the books recording the legal opinions of the magistrates and judges, who were the gods of Roman Courts were deposited.
Counterfieting
"Money is the just medium and measure of all commutable things, for, by the medium of money, a convenient and just estimation of all things is made."[2]
On the coin was the graven image of the "son of the Divine Augustus" run through the temples of Rome.
- "And he saith unto them, Whose is this image and superscription? And they said unto him, Caesar’s."
Octavian was called "Augustus Caesar, the savior of the whole world” by all the people who saw his exercising authority as a solution to the world's problems. He was also called the Father of Rome and the Son of God.
He was also called the Savior of the world of Rome in the minds of many people who believed that his power as Emperor was able to establish “Peace on earth,” with his "Pax Romana".
Evidently, the Pharisees had the coin in their possession. This was a violation of their own laws "Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image" nor have "any other gods before the God" of heaven.
Augustus Caesar with the title Octavius was not only the Divine Augustus, Son of God, and Patronus of Rome.
These government titles of Emperator or commander-in-chief, Principas Civitas or President, and of course the Apotheos or appointer of the gods of the courts of Rome were all a part of the centalization of power.
As one of the head "father on the earth" he could demand tribute from his people as a patrimonial right of Caesar.
The superscription or epigraphe was of Caesar who loaned money into circulation through the temples of Janice and Moneta and taxes were often required to be paid in kind. There were lots of benefits and free bread offered by Caesar's system of welfare but Jesus said it "made the word of God to none effects".
Tragan
Trajan (r. 98–117) seemed to have an additional mint based on some dedicatory inscriptions indicates there may have been the office of "Moneta Caesaris" on the Caelian Hill which survived into the third century[3] and the remaining mint was closed by 476 AD.
The "Rationibus" held an Imperial office to determine the total output of coins. Under him was the "Procurator Monetae".[4] The "Optio et Exactor auri argenti et aeris"[5] was actually in charge of the operation of minting and overseeing quality control.
These gods decided what was good and what was evil and the other Weightier matters of society.
- ↑ Livy 6.20.13.
- ↑ Maxim: "Moneta est justum medium et mensura rerum commutabilium, nam per meduim monetae fit omnium rerum conveniens, et justa aestimatio." Dav. 18. See 1 Bouv. Inst. n. 922.
- ↑ Noreña 2011, 191
- ↑ 5 Be Woytek 2012, 101. Cf. Stat. Silv. 3.3.104–105.
- ↑ Reviewer and Supervisor of the gold, silver and bronze