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Genesis 4:15 And the LORD said unto him, Therefore whosoever slayeth Cain, vengeance shall be taken on him sevenfold. And the LORD set a mark upon Cain, lest any finding him should kill him.
Genesis 4:15 And the LORD said unto him, Therefore whosoever slayeth Cain, vengeance shall be taken on him sevenfold. And the LORD set a mark upon Cain, lest any finding him should kill him.


Genesis 4:15 And the LORD<Ref>03068 ^הוהי^ Yᵉhovah  from 01961; n pr dei; AV-LORD 6510, GOD 4, JEHOVAH 4, variant 1; 6519 Jehovah= "the existing One" 1) the proper name of the one true God  1a) unpronounced except with the vowel pointings of 0136</Ref> said<Ref> 0559 ^רמא^ ‘amar  a primitive root; v;  AV-said 4874, speak 179, answer 99, command 30, tell 29, call 7,  promised 6, misc. 84; 5308 1) to say, speak, utter</Ref> (8799) unto him, Therefore<Ref> 03651 ^ןכ^ ken \@kane\@ from 03559; ; AV-so, thus, like manner, well, such thing, howbeit, state, after that, following, after this, therefore, wherefore, surely; 42 adv 1) so, therefore, thus: adj 2) right, just, honest, true, veritable  2a) right, just, honest 2b) correct 2c) true, veritable 2d) true!, right!, correct! (in assent)</Ref> whosoever slayeth<Ref> 02026 ^גרה^ harag \@haw-rag’\@ a primitive root; v;  AV-slay 100, kill 24, kill …  3, murderer 2, destroyed 1, murder 1,  out of hand 1, made 1, put 1, slain 31, slayer 1, surely 1; 167
The word Cain is from the Hebrew word ןיק (Qayin) which is composed of the letters Kuf Yod Nun and is also translated spear<Ref> 07013 ^ןיק^ qayin \@kah’- yin\@ from 06969 in the original sense of fixity; n m;  AV-spear 1; 1 1) spear</Ref> but from a word meaning lament<Ref> 06969 ^ןוק^ quwn \@koon\@ a primitive root; v; AV-lament 7, mourning women 1; 8 1) to chant a dirge, chant, wail, lament 1a) (Polel) to lament </Ref>. Kuf Yod also appear in  words like Kuf Yod Mem whhich is the word for ''statute and decree''.<Ref>07010 ^םיק^ qᵉyam (Aramaic) \@keh-yawm’\@ from 06966; n m;  AV-decree 1, statute 1; 2 1) decree, statute</Ref>
  1) to kill, slay, murder, destroy, murderer, slayer, out of hand 1a)</Ref> (8802) Cain<Ref> 07014 ^ןיק^ Qayin \@kah’- yin\@ the same as 07013 (with a play upon the affinity to 07069), Greek 2535 ~Καιν~; ; AV-Cain 17, Kenites 2; 19 Cain= "possession"  n pr m 1) eldest son of Adam and Eve and the first murderer having murdered his brother Abel Kenite= "smiths" n pr gent 2) the tribe from which the father-in-law of Moses was a member and which lived in the area between southern Palestine and the mountains of Sinai
 
Cain started the first city state where people were oppressed which was followed by Lemech and Nimrod's Babylon.
Even though the word we see as ''mark'' is also translated sign(s) 60 times, token(s) 14 times, ensign(s)and miracles twice each, and  mark only once people are often trying to figure out what the ''mark'' of Cain looks like. Is the author talking about a mark like one you make with a pen or a brand or even a birth mark or does it mean something entirely different?
 
The word ''mark'' is translated from ‘owth or the letters  Alef Vav Tav תוא which are the same letters of the word translated ''consent''<Ref> 0225 ^תוא^ ‘uwth \@ooth\@ a primitive root; v; AV-consent 4; 4 1) (Niphal) to consent, agree</Ref>.
 
The word set which we see in the English translation is a primitive root word translated put, make, set, lay, and even appoint and ordain along with a dozen other forms. It is a common word in the Bible appearing over 500 times with definitions ranging from  ''to put, place, set, appoint'', to ''direct'', ''ordain, establish, found,'' and even ''constitute''.
 
Genesis 4:15 And the LORD<Ref>03068 ^הוהי^ Yᵉhovah  from 01961; n pr dei; AV-LORD 6510, GOD 4, JEHOVAH 4, variant 1; 6519 Jehovah= "the existing One" 1) the proper name of the one true God  1a) unpronounced except with the vowel pointings of 0136</Ref> said<Ref> 0559 ^רמא^ ‘amar  a primitive root; v;  AV-said 4874, speak 179, answer 99, command 30, tell 29, call 7,  promised 6, misc. 84; 5308 1) to say, speak, utter</Ref> unto him, Therefore<Ref> 03651 ^ןכ^ ken \@kane\@ from 03559; ; AV-so, thus, like manner, well, such thing, howbeit, state, after that, following, after this, therefore, wherefore, surely; 42 adv 1) so, therefore, thus: adj 2) right, just, honest, true, veritable  2a) right, just, honest 2b) correct 2c) true, veritable 2d) true!, right!, correct! (in assent)</Ref> whosoever slayeth<Ref> 02026 ^גרה^ harag \@haw-rag’\@ a primitive root; v;  AV-slay 100, kill 24, kill …  3, murderer 2, destroyed 1, murder 1,  out of hand 1, made 1, put 1, slain 31, slayer 1, surely 1; 167
  1) to kill, slay, murder, destroy, murderer, slayer, out of hand 1a)</Ref> Cain<Ref> 07014 ^ןיק^ Qayin \@kah’- yin\@ the same as 07013 (with a play upon the affinity to 07069), Greek 2535 ~Καιν~; ; AV-Cain 17, Kenites 2; 19 Cain= "possession"  n pr m 1) eldest son of Adam and Eve and the first murderer having murdered his brother Abel Kenite= "smiths" n pr gent 2) the tribe from which the father-in-law of Moses was a member and which lived in the area between southern Palestine and the mountains of Sinai
</Ref>, vengeance shall be taken<Ref> 05358 ^םקנ^ naqam \@naw-kam’\@ a primitive root; v; AV-avenge 18, vengeance 4, revenge 4, take 4, avenger 2,  punished 2, surely 1; 35 1) to avenge, take vengeance, revenge, avenge oneself, be avenged,  be punished </Ref> on him sevenfold<Ref> 07659 ^םיתעבשׁ^ shib‘athayim \@shib-aw-thah’- yim\@ dual (adverbially) of 07651; n f;  AV-sevenfold 5, seven times 1, variant 1; 7 1) sevenfold, seven times</Ref> . And the LORD<Ref>03068 Same as abpve</Ref> set<Ref> 07760 ^םושׂ^ suwm \@soom\@ or ^םישׂ^ siym \@seem\@ a primitive root; v;  AV-put 155, make 123, set 119, lay 64, appoint 19, give 11,      set up 10, consider 8, turn 5, brought 4, ordain 3, place 3,  take 3, shew 2, regard 2, mark 2, disposed 2, care 2, misc 48; 585 1) to put, place, set, appoint, make
</Ref>, vengeance shall be taken<Ref> 05358 ^םקנ^ naqam \@naw-kam’\@ a primitive root; v; AV-avenge 18, vengeance 4, revenge 4, take 4, avenger 2,  punished 2, surely 1; 35 1) to avenge, take vengeance, revenge, avenge oneself, be avenged,  be punished </Ref> on him sevenfold<Ref> 07659 ^םיתעבשׁ^ shib‘athayim \@shib-aw-thah’- yim\@ dual (adverbially) of 07651; n f;  AV-sevenfold 5, seven times 1, variant 1; 7 1) sevenfold, seven times</Ref> . And the LORD<Ref>03068 Same as abpve</Ref> set<Ref> 07760 ^םושׂ^ suwm \@soom\@ or ^םישׂ^ siym \@seem\@ a primitive root; v;  AV-put 155, make 123, set 119, lay 64, appoint 19, give 11,      set up 10, consider 8, turn 5, brought 4, ordain 3, place 3,  take 3, shew 2, regard 2, mark 2, disposed 2, care 2, misc 48; 585 1) to put, place, set, appoint, make
     1a) (Qal) 1a1) to put, set, lay, put or lay upon, lay (violent) hands on
     1a) (Qal) 1a1) to put, set, lay, put or lay upon, lay (violent) hands on
           1a2) to set, direct, direct toward 1a2a) to extend (compassion) (fig)
           1a2) to set, direct, direct toward 1a2a) to extend (compassion) (fig)
           1a3) to set, ordain, establish, found, appoint, constitute, make, determine, fix 1a4) to set, station, put, set in place, plant, fix 1a5) to make, make for, transform into, constitute, fashion,work, bring to pass, appoint, give 1b) (Hiphil) to set or make for a sign  1c) (Hophal) to be set</Ref> (8799) a mark<Ref> 0226 ^תוא^ ‘owth \@oth\@ probably from 0225 (in the sense of appearing); ;{ See TWOT on 41 @@ "41a"} n f AV-sign(s) 60, token(s) 14, ensign(s) 2, miracles 2, mark 1; 79 1) sign, signal  1a) a distinguishing mark 1b) banner 1c) remembrance 1d) miraculous sign 1e) omen
           1a3) to set, ordain, establish, found, appoint, constitute, make, determine, fix 1a4) to set, station, put, set in place, plant, fix 1a5) to make, make for, transform into, constitute, fashion,work, bring to pass, appoint, give 1b) (Hiphil) to set or make for a sign  1c) (Hophal) to be set</Ref> a mark<Ref> 0226 ^תוא^ ‘owth \@oth\@ probably from 0225 (in the sense of appearing); ;{ See TWOT on 41 @@ "41a"} n f AV-sign(s) 60, token(s) 14, ensign(s) 2, miracles 2, mark 1; 79 1) sign, signal  1a) a distinguishing mark 1b) banner 1c) remembrance 1d) miraculous sign 1e) omen
     1f) warning 2) token, ensign, standard, miracle, proof</Ref> upon Cain<Ref>07014 Same as abpve</Ref>, lest<Ref> 01115 ^יתלב^ biltiy \@bil-tee’\@ constructive fem. of 01086 (equivalent to 01097); ; AV-but, except, save, nothing, lest, no, from, inasmuch, and not; 30 subst 1) not, except: adv 2) not 3) except (after preceding negation): conj 4) except (after an implied or expressed negation): with prep 5) so as not, in order not 6) an account of not, because … not 7) until not</Ref> any finding<Ref> 04672 ^אצמ^ matsa’ \@maw-tsaw’\@ a primitive root; v;  AV-find 359, present 20, find out 20, come 8, meet 5, befall 5, get 4, suffice 3, deliver 2, hit 2, left 2, hold 2, misc 24; 456 1) to find, attain to...  1a3c) to befall...      1b1b) to appear, be recognised 1b1c) to be discovered, be detected 1b1d) to be gained, be secured...    1c1) to cause to find, attain 1c2) to cause to light upon, come upon, come 1c3) to cause to encounter 1c4) to present (offering)</Ref> (8802) him should kill<Ref> 05221 ^הכנ^ nakah \@naw-kaw’\@ a primitive root; v;  AV-smite 348, slay 92, kill 20, beat 9, slaughter 5, stricken 3, given 3, wounded 3, strike 2, stripes 2, misc 13; 500 1) to strike, smite, hit, beat, slay, kill 1a) (Niphal) to be stricken or smitten... 1c3) to smite, attack, attack and destroy, '''conquer''', '''subjugate''', ravage 1c4) to smite, chastise, '''send judgment upon''', punish, destroy...1d5) to be attacked and '''captured''' 1d6) to be smitten (with disease) 1d7) to be '''blighted''' (of plants)</Ref> (8687) him.
     1f) warning 2) token, ensign, standard, miracle, proof</Ref> upon Cain<Ref>07014 Same as abpve</Ref>, lest<Ref> 01115 ^יתלב^ biltiy \@bil-tee’\@ constructive fem. of 01086 (equivalent to 01097); ; AV-but, except, save, nothing, lest, no, from, inasmuch, and not; 30 subst 1) not, except: adv 2) not 3) except (after preceding negation): conj 4) except (after an implied or expressed negation): with prep 5) so as not, in order not 6) an account of not, because … not 7) until not</Ref> any finding<Ref> 04672 ^אצמ^ matsa’ \@maw-tsaw’\@ a primitive root; v;  AV-find 359, present 20, find out 20, come 8, meet 5, befall 5, get 4, suffice 3, deliver 2, hit 2, left 2, hold 2, misc 24; 456 1) to find, attain to...  1a3c) to befall...      1b1b) to appear, be recognised 1b1c) to be discovered, be detected 1b1d) to be gained, be secured...    1c1) to cause to find, attain 1c2) to cause to light upon, come upon, come 1c3) to cause to encounter 1c4) to present (offering)</Ref> him should kill<Ref> 05221 ^הכנ^ nakah \@naw-kaw’\@ a primitive root; v;  AV-smite 348, slay 92, kill 20, beat 9, slaughter 5, stricken 3, given 3, wounded 3, strike 2, stripes 2, misc 13; 500 1) to strike, smite, hit, beat, slay, kill 1a) (Niphal) to be stricken or smitten... 1c3) to smite, attack, attack and destroy, '''conquer''', '''subjugate''', ravage 1c4) to smite, chastise, '''send judgment upon''', punish, destroy...1d5) to be attacked and '''captured''' 1d6) to be smitten (with disease) 1d7) to be '''blighted''' (of plants)</Ref> him.




Revision as of 18:44, 12 August 2014

Genesis 4:15 And the LORD said unto him, Therefore whosoever slayeth Cain, vengeance shall be taken on him sevenfold. And the LORD set a mark upon Cain, lest any finding him should kill him.

The word Cain is from the Hebrew word ןיק (Qayin) which is composed of the letters Kuf Yod Nun and is also translated spear[1] but from a word meaning lament[2]. Kuf Yod also appear in words like Kuf Yod Mem whhich is the word for statute and decree.[3]

Cain started the first city state where people were oppressed which was followed by Lemech and Nimrod's Babylon.

Even though the word we see as mark is also translated sign(s) 60 times, token(s) 14 times, ensign(s)and miracles twice each, and mark only once people are often trying to figure out what the mark of Cain looks like. Is the author talking about a mark like one you make with a pen or a brand or even a birth mark or does it mean something entirely different?

The word mark is translated from ‘owth or the letters Alef Vav Tav תוא which are the same letters of the word translated consent[4].

The word set which we see in the English translation is a primitive root word translated put, make, set, lay, and even appoint and ordain along with a dozen other forms. It is a common word in the Bible appearing over 500 times with definitions ranging from to put, place, set, appoint, to direct, ordain, establish, found, and even constitute.

Genesis 4:15 And the LORD[5] said[6] unto him, Therefore[7] whosoever slayeth[8] Cain[9], vengeance shall be taken[10] on him sevenfold[11] . And the LORD[12] set[13] a mark[14] upon Cain[15], lest[16] any finding[17] him should kill[18] him.



Genesis 4:16 ¶ And Cain went out from the presence of the LORD, and dwelt in the land of Nod, on the east of Eden.



== Footnotes ==

  1. ↑ 07013 ^ןיק^ qayin \@kah’- yin\@ from 06969 in the original sense of fixity; n m; AV-spear 1; 1 1) spear
  2. ↑ 06969 ^ןוק^ quwn \@koon\@ a primitive root; v; AV-lament 7, mourning women 1; 8 1) to chant a dirge, chant, wail, lament 1a) (Polel) to lament
  3. ↑ 07010 ^םיק^ qᵉyam (Aramaic) \@keh-yawm’\@ from 06966; n m; AV-decree 1, statute 1; 2 1) decree, statute
  4. ↑ 0225 ^תוא^ ‘uwth \@ooth\@ a primitive root; v; AV-consent 4; 4 1) (Niphal) to consent, agree
  5. ↑ 03068 ^הוהי^ Yᵉhovah from 01961; n pr dei; AV-LORD 6510, GOD 4, JEHOVAH 4, variant 1; 6519 Jehovah= "the existing One" 1) the proper name of the one true God 1a) unpronounced except with the vowel pointings of 0136
  6. ↑ 0559 ^רמא^ ‘amar a primitive root; v; AV-said 4874, speak 179, answer 99, command 30, tell 29, call 7, promised 6, misc. 84; 5308 1) to say, speak, utter
  7. ↑ 03651 ^ןכ^ ken \@kane\@ from 03559; ; AV-so, thus, like manner, well, such thing, howbeit, state, after that, following, after this, therefore, wherefore, surely; 42 adv 1) so, therefore, thus: adj 2) right, just, honest, true, veritable 2a) right, just, honest 2b) correct 2c) true, veritable 2d) true!, right!, correct! (in assent)
  8. ↑ 02026 ^גרה^ harag \@haw-rag’\@ a primitive root; v; AV-slay 100, kill 24, kill … 3, murderer 2, destroyed 1, murder 1, out of hand 1, made 1, put 1, slain 31, slayer 1, surely 1; 167 1) to kill, slay, murder, destroy, murderer, slayer, out of hand 1a)
  9. ↑ 07014 ^ןיק^ Qayin \@kah’- yin\@ the same as 07013 (with a play upon the affinity to 07069), Greek 2535 ~Καιν~; ; AV-Cain 17, Kenites 2; 19 Cain= "possession" n pr m 1) eldest son of Adam and Eve and the first murderer having murdered his brother Abel Kenite= "smiths" n pr gent 2) the tribe from which the father-in-law of Moses was a member and which lived in the area between southern Palestine and the mountains of Sinai
  10. ↑ 05358 ^םקנ^ naqam \@naw-kam’\@ a primitive root; v; AV-avenge 18, vengeance 4, revenge 4, take 4, avenger 2, punished 2, surely 1; 35 1) to avenge, take vengeance, revenge, avenge oneself, be avenged, be punished
  11. ↑ 07659 ^םיתעבשׁ^ shib‘athayim \@shib-aw-thah’- yim\@ dual (adverbially) of 07651; n f; AV-sevenfold 5, seven times 1, variant 1; 7 1) sevenfold, seven times
  12. ↑ 03068 Same as abpve
  13. ↑ 07760 ^םושׂ^ suwm \@soom\@ or ^םישׂ^ siym \@seem\@ a primitive root; v; AV-put 155, make 123, set 119, lay 64, appoint 19, give 11, set up 10, consider 8, turn 5, brought 4, ordain 3, place 3, take 3, shew 2, regard 2, mark 2, disposed 2, care 2, misc 48; 585 1) to put, place, set, appoint, make 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to put, set, lay, put or lay upon, lay (violent) hands on 1a2) to set, direct, direct toward 1a2a) to extend (compassion) (fig) 1a3) to set, ordain, establish, found, appoint, constitute, make, determine, fix 1a4) to set, station, put, set in place, plant, fix 1a5) to make, make for, transform into, constitute, fashion,work, bring to pass, appoint, give 1b) (Hiphil) to set or make for a sign 1c) (Hophal) to be set
  14. ↑ 0226 ^תוא^ ‘owth \@oth\@ probably from 0225 (in the sense of appearing); ;{ See TWOT on 41 @@ "41a"} n f AV-sign(s) 60, token(s) 14, ensign(s) 2, miracles 2, mark 1; 79 1) sign, signal 1a) a distinguishing mark 1b) banner 1c) remembrance 1d) miraculous sign 1e) omen 1f) warning 2) token, ensign, standard, miracle, proof
  15. ↑ 07014 Same as abpve
  16. ↑ 01115 ^יתלב^ biltiy \@bil-tee’\@ constructive fem. of 01086 (equivalent to 01097); ; AV-but, except, save, nothing, lest, no, from, inasmuch, and not; 30 subst 1) not, except: adv 2) not 3) except (after preceding negation): conj 4) except (after an implied or expressed negation): with prep 5) so as not, in order not 6) an account of not, because … not 7) until not
  17. ↑ 04672 ^אצמ^ matsa’ \@maw-tsaw’\@ a primitive root; v; AV-find 359, present 20, find out 20, come 8, meet 5, befall 5, get 4, suffice 3, deliver 2, hit 2, left 2, hold 2, misc 24; 456 1) to find, attain to... 1a3c) to befall... 1b1b) to appear, be recognised 1b1c) to be discovered, be detected 1b1d) to be gained, be secured... 1c1) to cause to find, attain 1c2) to cause to light upon, come upon, come 1c3) to cause to encounter 1c4) to present (offering)
  18. ↑ 05221 ^הכנ^ nakah \@naw-kaw’\@ a primitive root; v; AV-smite 348, slay 92, kill 20, beat 9, slaughter 5, stricken 3, given 3, wounded 3, strike 2, stripes 2, misc 13; 500 1) to strike, smite, hit, beat, slay, kill 1a) (Niphal) to be stricken or smitten... 1c3) to smite, attack, attack and destroy, conquer, subjugate, ravage 1c4) to smite, chastise, send judgment upon, punish, destroy...1d5) to be attacked and captured 1d6) to be smitten (with disease) 1d7) to be blighted (of plants)
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