View source for Exodus 12

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| '''Comments'''
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|[[File:Tabernacle-tentsbww.jpg|348px|right|thumb|The people of [[Israel]] and eventually the [[Levites]] who were "called out" organize themselves in patterns of [[Tens]] as Christ [[commanded]] His [[disciples]] to do with the people.]] 
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| '''V3''' The first place we see the Hebrew word for ''congregation'' in the Bible is [[Exodus 12]]:3 "Speak ye unto '''[[Congregations|all the congregation]]<Ref name="edah">{{05712}}</Ref>  of [[Israel]]'''..." 
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| The word is ''edah'' <Ref name="edah">{{05712}}</Ref>  also translated "company" and "assembly". It is from the Hebrew word "ed"<Ref name="ed">{{05707}}</Ref> meaning "witness" or "testimony". 
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| It is contracted from the Hebrew word ''‘uwd''<Ref name="uwd">{{05749}}</Ref> composed of the letters [[Ayin]][[Vav]][[Dalet]] meaning "to return" in the sense of "repeat" for the purpose "to bear witness". We will see another word for [[congregation]] in [[Exodus 27]] <Ref name="mowed">{{04150}}</Ref> translated AV-congregation 150 times but also feast, season, appointed, time, assembly, solemnity, solemn, and even [[synagogue]]s which were groups of [[tens|ten]] families united in a [[network]] which were a gathering through the [[tabernacle]] and tents of the people.
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| '''V4''' The  "number of the souls"<Ref name="nephesh">{{05315}}</Ref> is the number of persons and includes an additional [[Tav]] in the text. You need to have faith to eat this meal.
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| V5 '''without blemish''' is from the Hebrew word ''ṯāmîm''<Ref name="tamim">{{08549}}</Ref> (TavMemYodMem(תָמִ֛ים)). This is the same word we see in [[Genesis 6]]:9 concerning ''generations'' and [[Genesis 17]]:1 concerning a ''perfect walk''.
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| '''V7''' Blood on the door posts. Those posts support the door and are a symbol that ''this house lives by the blood of the lamb''. V8, V9 They need to roast it and the "purtenance" which are the "entrails".(קִרְבּֽוֹ)<Ref name="qereb">{{07130}}</Ref> See also [[Exodus 29]]:17
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| '''V10''' There was not to be leftovers and everyone who was to eat of this lamb had to come into a house to eat it it all that night. This brought the poorer people into the wealthier families home to share. These [[[rituals and ceremonies|rituals]] were a symbol of that which would help create the [[social bonds]] of a free society.
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| '''V11'''  In this Text there are numerous extra letters and untranslated words. ''ye shall eat'' is from AlefKafLamed<Ref name="akal">{{0398}}</Ref> but appears as '''tō'''ḵəl'''ū''' ([[Tav]]AlefKafLamed[[Vav]] תֹּאכְל֣וּ) and ''it'' is from an untranslated accusative AlefTav<Ref name="eth">{{0853}}</Ref> but appears as (AlefTav[[Vav]] אֹתוֹ֒).  The phrase "with your loins girded" is from ''mothen'' MemTavNun<Ref name="mothen">{{04975}}</Ref> but appears as māṯən'''êḵem'''(MemTavNun'''[[Yod]][[Kaf]][[Mem]]''' מָתְנֵיכֶ֣ם) and ''chagar'' ChetGimelReish<Ref name="chagar">{{02296}}</Ref> but appears as '''ḥă'''ḡur'''îm''' ('''[[Hey]]'''GimelReish[[Yod]][[Mem]] חֲגֻרִ֔ים). With the second ''and ye shall eat'' '''wa'''’ăḵal'''tem''' ([[Vav]]AlefKafLamed[[Tav]][[Mem]]  וַאֲכַלְתֶּ֤ם)<Ref name="akal">{{0398}}</Ref>. All these [[rituals and ceremonies]] of the  ''the [[YHWH|LORD]]'S [[passover]]'' are designed to give us deeper meanings of the precepts of God.
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| In [[Exodus 6]] "their armies" is from tsaba’ TzadikBeitAlef<Ref name="armies">{{06635}}</Ref> but the word in the text is  ṣiḇ’ōṯām TzadikBeitAlef'''[[Tav]][[Mem]]''' (צִבְאֹתָֽם׃) which only appears hear and in [[Exodus 12]]:51. A similar form is also seen in [[Exodus 7]]:4 TzadikBeitAlef[[Tav]][[Yod]]. In '''verse 17''' ṣiḇ’ō'''wṯêḵem''' we see TzadikBeitAlef'''[[Vav]][[Tav]][[Yod]][[Kaf]][[Mem]]''' (צִבְאוֹתֵיכֶ֖ם). But in '''verse 41''' we see the word ''host'' from ṣiḇ’ōwṯ TzadikBeitAlef'''[[Vav]][[Tav]]''' (צִבְא֥וֹת).

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| V23 “Forsooth, the children of princes are dashed against the walls”  [[Ipuwer]]  4:3 and 5:6
“Forsooth, the children of princes are cast out in the streets”.  [[Ipuwer]]  6:12
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| V29 “Behold, plague sweeps the land, blood is everywhere, with no shortage of the
dead . . . . He who buries his brother in the ground is everywhere . . . . Woe is
me for the grief of this time.” [[Ipuwer]] 2:5, 6, 13, 4:3
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| “What shall we do about it? All is ruin!” [[Ipuwer]] 3:13 
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| V30 “Wailing is throughout the land, mingled with lamentations.” [[Ipuwer]] 3:14 
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|[https://www.blueletterbible.org/kjv/exo/12/1/s_62001]
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== The Passover ==


1 And the LORD spake unto [[Moses]] and Aaron in the land of [[Egypt]], saying,
2 This month shall be unto you the beginning of months: it shall be the first month of the year to you.
3 Speak ye unto [[Congregations|all the congregation]]<Ref name="edah">{{05712}}</Ref> of [[Israel]], saying, In the tenth day of this month they shall take to them every man a lamb, according to the house of their [[fathers]], a lamb for an house:

===Households and neighbors ===

4 And if the household be too little for the lamb, let him and his neighbour next unto his house take it according to the number of the souls<Ref name="nephesh">{{05315}}</Ref>; every man according to his eating shall make your count for the lamb.

=== No blemish===

5 Your lamb shall be without blemish, a male of the first year: ye shall take it out from the sheep, or from the goats:
6 And ye shall keep it up until the fourteenth day of the same month: and the whole assembly of the congregation of Israel shall kill it in the evening.
7 And they shall take of the blood, and strike it on the two side posts and on the upper door post of the houses, wherein they shall eat it.
8 And they shall eat the flesh in that night, roast with fire, and unleavened bread; and with bitter herbs they shall eat it.
9 Eat not of it raw, nor sodden at all with water, but roast with fire; his head with his legs, and with the purtenance thereof.
10 And ye shall let nothing of it remain until the morning; and that which remaineth of it until the morning ye shall burn with fire.


== Make haste ==

11 And thus shall ye eat<Ref name="akal">{{0398}}</Ref> it<Ref name="eth">{{0853}}</Ref>  with your loins<Ref name="mothen">{{04975}}</Ref> girded, your shoes on your feet, and your staff in your hand; and ye shall eat<Ref name="akal">{{0398}}</Ref> it in haste: it is the LORD'S [[passover]].
12 For I will pass through the land of Egypt this night, and will smite all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, both man and beast; and against all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgment: I am the LORD.
13 And the blood shall be to you for a token upon the houses where ye are: and when I see the blood, I will pass over you, and the plague shall not be upon you to destroy you, when I smite the land of Egypt.
14 And this day shall be unto you for a memorial<Ref name="zikrown">{{02146}}</Ref>; and ye shall keep it a feast to the LORD throughout your generations; ye shall keep it a [[feast]] by an ordinance for ever.


=== Unleavened bread ===

15 Seven days shall ye eat unleavened bread; even the first day ye shall put away [[leaven]] out of your houses: for whosoever eateth leavened bread from the first day until the seventh day, that soul shall be cut off from Israel.
16 And in the first day there shall be an holy convocation, and in the seventh day there shall be an holy convocation to you; no manner of work shall be done in them, save that which every man must eat, that only may be done of you.
17 And ye shall observe the feast of unleavened bread; for in this selfsame day have I brought your armies out of the land of Egypt: therefore shall ye observe this day in your generations by an ordinance for ever.
18 In the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month at even, ye shall eat unleavened bread, until the one and twentieth day of the month at even.
19 Seven days shall there be no leaven found in your houses: for whosoever eateth that which is leavened, even that soul shall be cut off from the congregation of Israel, whether he be a stranger, or born in the land.
20 Ye shall eat nothing leavened; in all your habitations shall ye eat unleavened bread.

=== The LORD will pass ===


21 Then [[Moses]] called for all the elders of Israel, and said unto them, Draw out and take you a lamb according to your families, and kill the [[passover]].
22 And ye shall take a bunch of hyssop, and dip it in the blood that is in the bason, and strike the lintel and the two side posts with the blood that is in the bason; and none of you shall go out at the door of his house until the morning.
23 For the LORD will pass through to smite the Egyptians; and when he seeth the blood upon the lintel, and on the two side posts, the LORD will pass over the door, and will not suffer the destroyer to come in unto your houses to smite you.


== Ye shall keep this service ==

24 And ye shall observe this thing for an ordinance to thee and to thy sons for ever.
25 And it shall come to pass, when ye be come to the land which the LORD will give you, according as he hath promised, that ye shall keep this service.
26 And it shall come to pass, when your children shall say unto you, What mean ye by this service?
27 That ye shall say, It is the sacrifice of the LORD'S passover, who passed over the houses of the children of Israel in [[Egypt]], when he smote the Egyptians, and delivered our houses. And the people bowed the head and worshipped.
28 And the children of Israel went away, and did as the LORD had commanded [[Moses]] and Aaron, so did they.


== The Tenth Plague: Death of the Firstborn ==

29 And it came to pass, that at midnight the LORD smote all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, from the firstborn of [[Pharaoh]] that sat on his throne unto the firstborn of the captive that was in the dungeon; and all the firstborn of cattle.
30 And Pharaoh rose up in the night, he, and all his servants, and all the Egyptians; and there was a great cry in Egypt; for there was not a house where there was not one dead.
31 And he called for [[Moses]] and Aaron by night, and said, Rise up, and get you forth from among my people, both ye and the children of Israel; and go, serve the LORD, as ye have said.
32 Also take your flocks and your herds, as ye have said, and be gone; and bless me also.

== The Exodus ==

33 And the Egyptians were urgent upon the people, that they might send them out of the land in haste; for they said, We be all dead men.
34 And the people took their dough before it was leavened, their kneadingtroughs being bound up in their clothes upon their shoulders.
35 And the children of Israel did according to the word of Moses; and they borrowed of the Egyptians jewels of silver, and jewels of gold, and raiment:
36 And the LORD gave the people favour in the sight of the Egyptians, so that they lent unto them such things as they required. And they spoiled the Egyptians.

=== Men of a mixed multitude ===

37 And the children of Israel journeyed from Rameses to Succoth, about six hundred thousand on foot that were men, beside children.
38 And a mixed multitude went up also with them; and flocks, and herds, even very much cattle.


=== Unleaven ===


39 And they baked unleavened cakes of the dough which they brought forth out of Egypt, for it was not leavened; because they were thrust out of Egypt, and could not tarry, neither had they prepared for themselves any victual.
40 Now the sojourning of the children of Israel, who dwelt in Egypt, was four hundred and thirty years.
41 And it came to pass at the end of the four hundred and thirty years, even the selfsame day it came to pass, that all the hosts<Ref name="armies">{{06635}}</Ref> of the LORD went out from the land of Egypt.
42 It is a night to be much observed unto the LORD for bringing them out from the land of Egypt: this is that night of the LORD to be observed of all the children of Israel in their generations.

== Institution of the Passover ==

43 And the LORD said unto Moses and Aaron, This is the ordinance of the [[passover]]: There shall no stranger eat thereof:
44 But every man's servant that is bought for money, when thou hast circumcised him, then shall he eat thereof.
45 A foreigner and an hired servant shall not eat thereof.
46 In one house shall it be eaten; thou shalt not carry forth ought of the flesh abroad out of the house; neither shall ye break a bone thereof.

=== All the congregation ===

47 All the congregation of Israel shall keep it.
48 And when a stranger shall sojourn with thee, and will keep the [[passover]] to the LORD, let all his males be [[circumcise]]d, and then let him come near and keep it; and he shall be as one that is born in the land: for no uncircumcised person shall eat thereof.


=== One law ===

49 One law shall be to him that is homeborn, and unto the stranger that sojourneth among you.
50 Thus did all the children of Israel; as the LORD commanded Moses and Aaron, so did they.
51 And it came to pass the selfsame day, that the LORD did bring the children of Israel out of the land of Egypt by their armies.
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