Circumcise

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Old Testament

muwl

Comments
In V10 keep(שָׁמַר)[1] .... my covenant(בְּרִית)[2] .... Keep appears as (תִּשְׁמְר֗וּ) begins with Tav and ending with Vav suggests a spiritual covenant of faith.
In V11 the term "circumcised" is (וּנְמַלְתֶּ֕ם) VavNunMemLamedTavMem(נָמַל) [3] and "when it stands abruptly at the commencement of a sentence, [Ii has] the force of a command"[4] but the TavMem a the beginning of he importance fulfilment of the Spirit of the covenant over the physical sign. The spiritual circumcision of the heart was not a new thing spoken of in the doctrine of Christ but was a continuation of the meaning of Moses.

With foreskin being orlah (6190. orlah) (שָׁמַר)

Questions


Genesis 17:10 This [is] my covenant, which ye shall keep, between me and you and thy seed after thee; Every man child among you shall be circumcised <04135>.[5] ...

Genesis 17:12 And he that is eight days old shall be circumcised <04135> among you, every man child in your generations, he that is born in the house, or bought with money of any stranger, which [is] not of thy seed. 13 He that is born in thy house, and he that is bought with thy money, must needs <04135> be circumcised <04135>: and my covenant shall be in your flesh for an everlasting covenant.14 And the uncircumcised man child whose flesh of his foreskin is not circumcised <04135>, that soul shall be cut off from his people; he hath broken my covenant."

Circumcicion was not exclusive to Israelites but was a practice of other nation, although may have been exclusive to ptisr class. It was merely an outward sign of a commitment and dedication to a spiritual covenant[6]. "The flesh was cast away that the spirit might grow strong;"[7]

In verse 10 "when it stands abruptly at the commencement of a sentence, having the force of a command (cf. Ewalds 'Hebrew Syntax,'§ 328; Gesenius, 'Grammar,' § 130).


Genesis 17:23 And Abraham took Ishmael his son, and all that were born in his house, and all that were bought with his money, every male among the men of Abraham’s house; and circumcised <04135> the flesh of their foreskin in the selfsame day, as God had said unto him.

Genesis 17:24 And Abraham [was] ninety years old and nine, when he was circumcised <04135> in the flesh of his foreskin.

Genesis 17:25 And Ishmael his son [was] thirteen years old, when he was circumcised <04135> in the flesh of his foreskin.

Genesis 17:26 In the selfsame day was Abraham circumcised <04135>, and Ishmael his son.

Genesis 17:27 And all the men of his house, born in the house, and bought with money of the stranger, were circumcised <04135> with him.

Genesis 21:4 And Abraham circumcised <04135> his son Isaac being eight days old, as God had commanded him.

Genesis 34:15 But in this will we consent unto you: If ye will be as we [be], that every male of you be circumcised <04135>;

Genesis 34:17 But if ye will not hearken unto us, to be circumcised <04135>; then will we take our daughter, and we will be gone.

Genesis 34:22 Only herein will the men consent unto us for to dwell with us, to be one people, if every male among us be circumcised <04135>, as they [are] circumcised <04135>.

Genesis 34:24 And unto Hamor and unto Shechem his son hearkened all that went out of the gate of his city; and every male was circumcised <04135>, all that went out of the gate of his city.

Exodus 12:44 But every man’s servant that is bought for money, when thou hast circumcised <04135> him, then shall he eat thereof.

Exodus 12:48 And when a stranger shall sojourn with thee, and will keep the passover to the LORD, let all his males be circumcised <04135>, and then let him come near and keep it; and he shall be as one that is born in the land: for no uncircumcised person shall eat thereof.

Leviticus 12:3 And in the eighth day the flesh of his foreskin shall be circumcised <04135>.

Deuteronomy 10:16 Circumcise <04135> therefore the foreskin of your heart, and be no more stiffnecked.

Deuteronomy 30:6 And the LORD thy God will circumcise <04135> thine heart, and the heart of thy seed, to love the LORD thy God with all thine heart, and with all thy soul, that thou mayest live.

Joshua 5:2 At that time the LORD said unto Joshua, Make thee sharp knives, and circumcise <04135> again the children of Israel the second time.

Joshua 5:3 And Joshua made him sharp knives, and circumcised <04135> the children of Israel at the hill of the foreskins.

Joshua 5:4 And this [is] the cause why Joshua did circumcise <04135>: All the people that came out of Egypt, [that were] males, [even] all the men of war, died in the wilderness by the way, after they came out of Egypt.

Joshua 5:5 Now all the people that came out were circumcised <04135>: but all the people [that were] born in the wilderness by the way as they came forth out of Egypt, [them] they had not circumcised <04135>.

Joshua 5:7 And their children, [whom] he raised up in their stead, them Joshua circumcised <04135>: for they were uncircumcised, because they had not circumcised <04135> them by the way.

Joshua 5:8 And it came to pass, when they had done circumcising <04135> all the people, that they abode in their places in the camp, till they were whole.

Psalms 58:7 Let them melt away as waters [which] run continually: [when] he bendeth [his bow to shoot] his arrows, let them be as cut in pieces <04135>.

Psalms 90:6 In the morning it flourisheth, and groweth up; in the evening it is cut down <04135>, and withereth.

Psalms 118:10 All nations compassed me about: but in the name of the LORD will I destroy <04135> them.

Psalms 118:11 They compassed me about; yea, they compassed me about: but in the name of the LORD I will destroy <04135> them.

Psalms 118:12 They compassed me about like bees; they are quenched as the fire of thorns: for in the name of the LORD I will destroy <04135> them.

Jeremiah 4:4 Circumcise <04135> yourselves to the LORD, and take away the foreskins of your heart, ye men of Judah and inhabitants of Jerusalem: lest my fury come forth like fire, and burn that none can quench [it], because of the evil of your doings.

Jeremiah 9:25 Behold, the days come, saith the LORD, that I will punish all [them which are] circumcised <04135> with the uncircumcised;

namal

Genesis 17:11 And ye shall circumcise <05243>[3] the flesh of your foreskin; and it shall be a token of the covenant betwixt me and you.

Job 14:2 He cometh forth like a flower, and is cut down <05243>: he fleeth also as a shadow, and continueth not.

Job 18:16 His roots shall be dried up beneath, and above shall his branch be cut off <05243>.

Job 24:24 They are exalted for a little while, but are gone and brought low; they are taken out of the way as all [other], and cut off <05243> as the tops of the ears of corn.

Psalms 37:2 For they shall soon be cut down <05243> like the grass, and wither as the green herb.


New Testament

peritome

John 7:22 Moses therefore gave unto you circumcision <4061>[8]; (not because it is of Moses, but of the fathers;) and ye on the sabbath day circumcise a man.

John 7:23 If a man on the sabbath day receive circumcision <4061>, that the law of Moses should not be broken; are ye angry at me, because I have made a man every whit whole on the sabbath day?

Acts 7:8 And he gave him the covenant of circumcision <4061>: and so [Abraham] begat Isaac, and circumcised him the eighth day; and Isaac [begat] Jacob; and Jacob [begat] the twelve patriarchs.

Acts 10:45 And they of the circumcision <4061> which believed were astonished, as many as came with Peter, because that on the Gentiles also was poured out the gift of the Holy Ghost.

Acts 11:2 And when Peter was come up to Jerusalem, they that were of the circumcision <4061> contended with him,

Romans 2:25 For circumcision <4061> verily profiteth, if thou keep the law: but if thou be a breaker of the law, thy circumcision <4061> is made uncircumcision.

Romans 2:26 Therefore if the uncircumcision keep the righteousness of the law, shall not his uncircumcision be counted for circumcision <4061>?

Romans 2:27 And shall not uncircumcision which is by nature, if it fulfil the law, judge thee, who by the letter and circumcision <4061> dost transgress the law?

Romans 2:28 For he is not a Jew, which is one outwardly; neither [is that] circumcision <4061>, which is outward in the flesh:

Romans 2:29 But he [is] a Jew, which is one inwardly; and circumcision <4061> [is that] of the heart, in the spirit, [and] not in the letter; whose praise [is] not of men, but of God.

Romans 3:1 What advantage then hath the Jew? or what profit [is there] of circumcision <4061>?

Romans 3:30 Seeing [it is] one God, which shall justify the circumcision <4061> by faith, and uncircumcision through faith.

Romans 4:9 [Cometh] this blessedness then upon the circumcision <4061> [only], or upon the uncircumcision also? for we say that faith was reckoned to Abraham for righteousness.

Romans 4:10 How was it then reckoned? when he was in circumcision <4061>, or in uncircumcision? Not in circumcision <4061>, but in uncircumcision.

Romans 4:11 And he received the sign of circumcision <4061>, a seal of the righteousness of the faith which [he had yet] being uncircumcised: that he might be the father of all them that believe, though they be not circumcised; that righteousness might be imputed unto them also:

Romans 4:12 And the father of circumcision <4061> to them who are not of the circumcision <4061> only, but who also walk in the steps of that faith of our father Abraham, which [he had] being [yet] uncircumcised.

Romans 15:8 Now I say that Jesus Christ was a minister of the circumcision <4061> for the truth of God, to confirm the promises [made] unto the fathers:

1 Corinthians 7:19 Circumcision <4061> is nothing, and uncircumcision is nothing, but the keeping of the commandments of God.

Galatians 2:7 But contrariwise, when they saw that the gospel of the uncircumcision was committed unto me, as [the gospel] of the circumcision <4061> [was] unto Peter; 2:8 (For he that wrought effectually in Peter to the apostleship of the circumcision <4061>, the same was mighty in me toward the Gentiles:)

Galatians 2:9 And when James, Cephas, and John, who seemed to be pillars, perceived the grace that was given unto me, they gave to me and Barnabas the right hands of fellowship; that we [should go] unto the heathen, and they unto the circumcision <4061>.

Galatians 2:12 For before that certain came from James, he did eat with the Gentiles: but when they were come, he withdrew and separated himself, fearing them which were of the circumcision <4061>.

Galatians 5:6 For in Jesus Christ neither circumcision <4061> availeth any thing, nor uncircumcision; but faith which worketh by love.

Galatians 5:11 And I, brethren, if I yet preach circumcision <4061>, why do I yet suffer persecution? then is the offence of the cross ceased.

Galatians 6:15 For in Christ Jesus neither circumcision <4061> availeth any thing, nor uncircumcision, but a new creature.

Ephesians 2:11 Wherefore remember, that ye [being] in time past Gentiles in the flesh, who are called Uncircumcision by that which is called the Circumcision <4061> in the flesh made by hands;

Philippians 3:3 For we are the circumcision <4061>, which worship God in the spirit, and rejoice in Christ Jesus, and have no confidence in the flesh.

Philippians 3:5 Circumcised <4061> the eighth day, of the stock of Israel, [of] the tribe of Benjamin, an Hebrew of the Hebrews; as touching the law, a Pharisee;

Colossians 2:11 In whom also ye are circumcised with the circumcision <4061> made without hands, in putting off the body of the sins of the flesh by the circumcision <4061> of Christ:

Colossians 3:11 Where there is neither Greek nor Jew, circumcision <4061> nor uncircumcision, Barbarian, Scythian, bond [nor] free: but Christ [is] all, and in all.

Colossians 4:11 And Jesus, which is called Justus, who are of the circumcision <4061>. These only [are my] fellowworkers unto the kingdom of God, which have been a comfort unto me.

Titus 1:10 For there are many unruly and vain talkers and deceivers, specially they of the circumcision <4061>:



peritemno

Luke 1:59 And it came to pass, that on the eighth day they came to circumcise <4059>[9] the child; and they called him Zacharias, after the name of his father.

Luke 2:21 And when eight days were accomplished for the circumcising <4059> of the child, his name was called JESUS, which was so named of the angel before he was conceived in the womb.

John 7:22 Moses therefore gave unto you circumcision; (not because it is of Moses, but of the fathers;) and ye <4059> on the sabbath day circumcise <4059> a man.

Acts 7:8 And he gave him the covenant of circumcision: and so [Abraham] begat Isaac, and circumcised <4059> him the eighth day; and Isaac [begat] Jacob; and Jacob [begat] the twelve patriarchs.

Acts 15:1 And certain men which came down from Judaea taught the brethren, [and said], Except ye be circumcised <4059> after the manner of Moses, ye cannot be saved.

Acts 15:5 But there rose up certain of the sect of the Pharisees which believed, saying, That it was needful to circumcise <4059> them, and to command [them] to keep the law of Moses.

Acts 15:24 Forasmuch as we have heard, that certain which went out from us have troubled you with words, subverting your souls, saying, [Ye must] be circumcised <4059>, and keep the law: to whom we gave no [such] commandment:

Acts 16:3 Him would Paul have to go forth with him; and took and circumcised <4059> him because of the Jews which were in those quarters: for they knew all that his father was a Greek.

Acts 21:21 And they are informed of thee, that thou teachest all the Jews which are among the Gentiles to forsake Moses, saying that they ought <4059> not to circumcise <4059> [their] children, neither to walk after the customs.

1 Corinthians 7:18 Is any man called being circumcised <4059>? let him not become uncircumcised. Is any called in uncircumcision? let him <4059> not be circumcised <4059>.

Galatians 2:3 But neither Titus, who was with me, being a Greek, was compelled to be circumcised <4059>:

Galatians 5:2 Behold, I Paul say unto you, that if ye be circumcised <4059>, Christ shall profit you nothing.

Galatians 5:3 For I testify again to every man that is circumcised <4059>, that he is a debtor to do the whole law.

Galatians 6:12 As many as desire to make a fair shew in the flesh, they constrain you to be circumcised <4059>; only lest they should suffer persecution for the cross of Christ.

Galatians 6:13 For neither they themselves who are circumcised <4059> keep the law; but desire to have <4059> you circumcised <4059>, that they may glory in your flesh.

Colossians 2:11 In whom also ye are circumcised <4059> with the circumcision made without hands, in putting off the body of the sins of the flesh by the circumcision of Christ:

  1. ↑ 08104 שָׁמַר‎ shamar [shaw-mar’] a primitive root; v; [BDB-1036a] [{See TWOT on 2414 }] AV-keep 283, observe 46, heed 35, keeper 28, preserve 21, beware 9, mark 8, watchman 8, wait 7, watch 7, regard 5, save 2, misc 9; 468
    1) to keep, guard, observe, give heed
    1a) (Qal)
    1a1) to keep, have charge of
    1a2) to keep, guard, keep watch and ward, protect, save life
    1a2a) watch, watchman (participle)
    1a3) to watch for, wait for
    1a4) to watch, observe
    1a5) to keep, retain, treasure up (in memory)
    1a6) to keep (within bounds), restrain
    1a7) to observe, celebrate, keep (sabbath or covenant or commands), perform (vow)
    1a8) to keep, preserve, protect
    1a9) to keep, reserve
    1b) (Niphal)
    1b1) to be on one’s guard, take heed, take care, beware
    1b2) to keep oneself, refrain, abstain
    1b3) to be kept, be guarded
    1c) (Piel) to keep, pay heed
    1d) (Hithpael) to keep oneself from
  2. ↑ 01285 בְּרִית‎ BeitReishYodTav bëriyth [ber-eeth’] from 01262 BeitReishHey meaning eat, consume or choose(in the sense of cutting [like 01254]); n f; [BDB-136a] [{See TWOT on 282 @@ "282a" }] AV-covenant 264, league 17, confederacy 1, confederate 1, confederate + 01167 1; 284
    1) covenant, alliance, pledge
    1a) between men
    1a1) treaty, alliance, league (man to man)
    1a2) constitution, ordinance (monarch to subjects)
    1a3) agreement, pledge (man to man)
    1a4) alliance (of friendship)
    1a5) alliance (of marriage)
    1b) between God and man
    1b1) alliance (of friendship)
    1b2) covenant (divine ordinance with signs or pledges)
    2) (phrases)
    2a) covenant making
    2b) covenant keeping
    2c) covenant violation
    • ב Beit Purpose: God's Dwelling Place Below - a house or God's house here. [household, in, into] (Numeric value: 2)
    • ר Reish Process of Clarification The "head" or "beginning". Life's revelation. [Head... Person head highest] (Numeric value: 200)
    • י Yod The Infinite Point of essential good. Divine spark hidden in the ט Tet. Spark of spirit. [closed hand... Deed, work, to make] (Numeric value: 10)
    • ת Tav is a Seal of a Higher kingdom or realm through faith. The paradigm keter–malchut “The Crown of Sovereignty” from the Tree of Life spiritually linking worlds through an unseen doorway of faith. The Aleph & Tav are the first and last letters. [door sign cross seal] (Numeric value: 400)
    • 01285 בְּרִית‎ bëriyth, covenant, league, confederacy ; 01287 בֹּרִית‎ boriyth soap (lye or ash used in smelting metal); and as a proper noun 01286 בְּרִית‎ Bëriyth (Baal-berith); a foreign deity worshipped in Shechem (07926 שְׁכֶם‎ meaning shoulder, back and even translated consent)
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 05243 נָמַל‎ namal [naw-mal’] a primitive root; v; [BDB-576b] [{See TWOT on 1161 }] AV-cut off 2, cut down 2, circumcised 1; 5
    1) (Qal) to circumcise, become clipped, be circumcised, be cut off Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "namal" defined multiple times with different content
  4. ↑ (cf. Ewalds 'Hebrew Syntax,'§ 328; Gesenius, 'Grammar,' § 130). Pulpit Commentary
  5. ↑ 04135 מוּל‎ muwl [mool] a primitive root MemVavLamed; v; See also 04136; [BDB-557b] [{See TWOT on 1161 }] AV-circumcise 30, destroy 3, cut down 1, needs 1, cut in pieces 1; 36
    1) to circumcise, let oneself be circumcised, cut, be cut off
    1a) (Qal) to circumcise
    1b) (Niphal) to be circumcised, circumcise oneself
    1c) (Hiphil) to cause to be circumcised
    1c1) of destruction (fig.)
    1d) (Hithpolel) to be cut off
    1e) (Polel) cut down
  6. ↑ 01285 בְּרִית‎ BeitReishYodTav bëriyth [ber-eeth’] from 01262 BeitReishHey meaning eat, consume or choose(in the sense of cutting [like 01254]); n f; [BDB-136a] [{See TWOT on 282 @@ "282a" }] AV-covenant 264, league 17, confederacy 1, confederate 1, confederate + 01167 1; 284
    1) covenant, alliance, pledge
    1a) between men
    1a1) treaty, alliance, league (man to man)
    1a2) constitution, ordinance (monarch to subjects)
    1a3) agreement, pledge (man to man)
    1a4) alliance (of friendship)
    1a5) alliance (of marriage)
    1b) between God and man
    1b1) alliance (of friendship)
    1b2) covenant (divine ordinance with signs or pledges)
    2) (phrases)
    2a) covenant making
    2b) covenant keeping
    2c) covenant violation
    • ב Beit Purpose: God's Dwelling Place Below - a house or God's house here. [household, in, into] (Numeric value: 2)
    • ר Reish Process of Clarification The "head" or "beginning". Life's revelation. [Head... Person head highest] (Numeric value: 200)
    • י Yod The Infinite Point of essential good. Divine spark hidden in the ט Tet. Spark of spirit. [closed hand... Deed, work, to make] (Numeric value: 10)
    • ת Tav is a Seal of a Higher kingdom or realm through faith. The paradigm keter–malchut “The Crown of Sovereignty” from the Tree of Life spiritually linking worlds through an unseen doorway of faith. The Aleph & Tav are the first and last letters. [door sign cross seal] (Numeric value: 400)
    • 01285 בְּרִית‎ bëriyth, covenant, league, confederacy ; 01287 בֹּרִית‎ boriyth soap (lye or ash used in smelting metal); and as a proper noun 01286 בְּרִית‎ Bëriyth (Baal-berith); a foreign deity worshipped in Shechem (07926 שְׁכֶם‎ meaning shoulder, back and even translated consent)
  7. ↑ "(V10) Shall be circumcised.—It is stated by Herodotus (Book ii. 104) that the Egyptians were circumcised, and that the Syrians in Palestine confessed that they learned this practice from the Egyptians. Origen, however, seems to limit circumcision to the priesthood (Epist. ad Rom., § ii. 13); and the statement of Herodotus is not only very loose, but his date is too far posterior to the time of Abram for us to be able to place implicit confidence in it. If we turn to the evidence of Egyptian monuments and of the mummies, we find proof of the rite having become general in Egypt only in quite recent times. The discussion is, however, merely of archaeological importance; for circumcision was just as appropriate a sign of the covenant if borrowed from institutions already existing as if then used for the first time. It is, moreover, an acknowledged fact that the Bible is always true to the local colouring. Chaldæan influence is predominant in those early portions of Genesis which we owe to Abram, a citizen of Ur of the Chaldees; his life and surroundings subsequently are those of an Arab sheik; while Egyptian influence is strongly marked in the latter part of Genesis, and in the history of the Exodus from that country. In this fact we have a sufficient answer to the theories which would bring down the composition of the Pentateuch to a late period: for the author would certainly have written in accordance with the facts and ideas of his own times. If, however, Abram had seen circumcision in Egypt, when the famine drove him thither, and had learned the significance of the rite, and that the idea of it was connected with moral purity, there was in this even a reason why God should choose it as the outward sign of the sacrament which He was now bestowing upon the patriarch.
    The fitness of circumcision to be a sign of entering into a covenant, and especially into one to which children were to be admitted, consisted in its being a representation of a new birth by the putting off of the old man, and the dedication of the new man unto holiness. The flesh was cast away that the spirit might grow strong; and the change of name in Abram and Sarai was typical of this change of condition. They had been born again, and so must again be named. And though women could not indeed be admitted directly into the covenant, yet they shared in its privileges by virtue of their consanguinity to the men, who were as sponsors for them; and thus Sarai changes her name equally with her husband." Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers.
  8. ↑ 4061 περιτομή peritome [per-it-om-ay’] from 4059; n f; TDNT-6:72,831; [{See TDNT 621 }] AV-circumcision 35, circumcised 1; 36
    1) circumcised
    1a) the act or rite of circumcision, "they of the circumcision" is a term used of the Jews
    1a1) of Christians gathered from among the Jews
    1a2) the state of circumcision
    1b) metaph.
    1b1) of Christians separated from the unclean multitude and truly consecrated to God
    1b2) the extinction of passions and the removal of spiritual impurity
  9. ↑ 4059 περιτέμνω peritemno [per-ee-tem’-no] from 4012 and the base of 5114; v; TDNT-6:72,831; [{See TDNT 621 }] AV-circumcise 18; 18
    1) to cut around
    2) to circumcise
    2a) cut off one’s prepuce (used of that well known rite by which not only the male children of the Israelites, on the eighth day after birth, but subsequently also "proselytes of righteousness" were consecrated to Jehovah and introduced into the number of his people)
    2b) to get one’s self circumcised, present one’s self to be circumcised, receive circumcision
    2c) since by the rite of circumcision a man was separated from the unclean world and dedicated to God, the word is transferred to denote the extinguishing of lusts and the removal of sins
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