Heathen
Today the word heathen is defined "a person who does not belong to a widely held religion (especially one who is not a Christian, Jew, or Muslim) as regarded by those who do."
But at the time we see it written in the Bible the book of Matthew used the word ethnikos[1] from the word ethnos[2] commonly translated Gentile.
Matthew was likely translated from the Aramaic which was the language of the original text. The use of the words ethnikos we read as heathen and the word ethnos we commonly read as Gentile are both from the word etho [3] which means "usage, custom"
The word ethnikos contains the word niko which we see in the term Nicolaitan which means conqueror or under the "lordship" of certain customs and usage.
So when we see the word heathen in Matthew 6:7[4] the author is not just talking about gentiles but people under the authority and lordship like what is called the Nicolaitan.
In Matthew 18:17[5] we see the word heathen man coupled with the term publican.
Publican is translated from the Greek word telones [6] which was a word common amongst the Romans meaning "a tax gatherer, collector of taxes".
From Matthew 18:15 to 17[7] they are talking about disputes among the people which could include civil action.
Jesus is talking about court for the people of the kingdom appointed to the apostles.[8] His instructions were clear that the Christian government had no taxes imposed by tax collectors. The ministers of the Church depended upon Freewill offerings and charity and the Perfect law of liberty.
Christians were only taxed by themselves not by lords and rulers. They knew there was another King, one Jesus,[9] and He appointed the ministers of the Church to feed His sheep.
To be treated like a "foreigner" and a "stranger" was not bad but they did not partake of the table of the Lord.[10]
This exclusion of people from the table of the Lord because they would not repent was the last resort. If they came back and repented they should be again accepted at that table.
The Natural man in possession of his natural God-given rights is in a state of Nature. When he gives a portion of his rights to a body of men that body becomes the State, a corporate entity which has offices of power and exercises authority, those Benefactors gain authority over the people and exercise Lordship.
Why and how would he give those rights or the power to choose to another?
Contracts and Covenants, making agreements, application for benefits. Some form of Consent is given. Parents may give up the rights to their children by neglecting the responsibility for their children. Such sloth and Covetous Practices will bring men and their family back into bondage and under tribute.
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Footnotes
- ↑ 1482 ~ἐθνικός~ ethnikos \@eth-nee-kos’\@ from 1484; n m AV-heathen 1, heathen man 1; 2
- 1) adapted to the genius or customs of a people, peculiar to a
- 2) suited to the manners or language of foreigners, strange, foreign
- 3) in the NT savouring of the nature of pagans, alien to the
- 3a) of the pagan, the Gentile
- ↑ 1484 ~ἔθνος~ ethnos \@eth’-nos\@ probably from 1486; n n AV-Gentiles 93, nation 64, heathen 5, people 2; 164
- 1) a multitude (whether of men or of beasts) associated or
- 1a) a company, troop, swarm
- 2) a multitude of individuals of the same nature or genus
- 2a) the human family
- 3) a tribe, nation, people group
- 4) in the OT, foreign nations not worshipping the true God, pagans,
- 5) Paul uses the term for Gentile Christians
- ↑ 1486 ~ἔθω~ etho \@eth’-o\@ a root word; ; v AV-be wont 2, -as his custom was + 2596 + 3588 1,
as his manner was + 2596 + 3588 1; 4
- 1) to be accustomed, used, wont
- 2) that which is wont
- 3) usage, custom
- ↑ Matthew 6:7 "But when ye pray, use not vain repetitions, as the heathen [do]: for they think that they shall be heard for their much speaking."
- ↑ Matthew 18:17 "And if he shall neglect to hear them, tell [it] unto the church: but if he neglect to hear the church, let him be unto thee as an heathen man and a publican."
- ↑ 5057 ~τελώνης~ telones \@tel-o’-nace\@ from 5056 and 5608; n m AV-publican 22; 22
- 1) a renter or farmer of taxes
- 1a) among the Romans, usually a man of equestrian rank
- 2) a tax gatherer, collector of taxes or tolls, one employed by a publican or farmer general in the collection of taxes. The tax collectors were as a class, detested not only by the Jews, but by other nations also, both on account of their employment and of the harshness, greed, and deception, with which they did their job.
- 1) a renter or farmer of taxes
- ↑ Matthew 18:15 ¶ Moreover if thy brother shall trespass against thee, go and tell him his fault between thee and him alone: if he shall hear thee, thou hast gained thy brother. 16 But if he will not hear thee, then take with thee one or two more, that in the mouth of two or three witnesses every word may be established. 17 And if he shall neglect to hear them, tell it unto the church: but if he neglect to hear the church, let him be unto thee as an heathen man and a publican.
- ↑ Luke 22:29 And I appoint unto you a kingdom, as my Father hath appointed unto me;
- ↑ : Acts 17:7 Whom Jason hath received: and these all do contrary to the decrees of Caesar, saying that there is another king, one Jesus.
- Matthew 2:1 Now when Jesus was born in Bethlehem of Judaea in the days of Herod the king, behold, there came wise men from the east to Jerusalem, Matthew 2:2 Saying, Where is he that is born King of the Jews? for we have seen his star in the east, and are come to worship him.
- Matthew 27:11 And Jesus stood before the governor: and the governor asked him, saying, Art thou the King of the Jews? And Jesus said unto him, Thou sayest.
- Matthew 27:37 And set up over his head his accusation written, THIS IS JESUS THE KING OF THE JEWS.
- John 6:15 When Jesus therefore perceived that they would come and take him by force, to make him a king, he departed again into a mountain himself alone.
- John 18:33 Then Pilate entered into the judgment hall again, and called Jesus, and said unto him, Art thou the King of the Jews?
- John 18:37 Pilate therefore said unto him, Art thou a king then? Jesus answered, Thou sayest that I am a king. To this end was I born, and for this cause came I into the world, that I should bear witness unto the truth. Every one that is of the truth heareth my voice.
- John 19:19 And Pilate wrote a title, and put it on the cross. And the writing was, JESUS OF NAZARETH THE KING OF THE JEWS.
- ↑ Matthew 15:26 But he answered and said, It is not meet to take the children’s bread, and to cast [it] to dogs. 27 And she said, Truth, Lord: yet the dogs eat of the crumbs which fall from their masters’ table."
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